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3 units (fi 6)(SECOND, 3-0-0)

Ecological impacts of climate change and large-scale human activities on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The focus of this course is to learn to write brief technical summaries of current environment issues, in a fashion that can be understood by an educated citizen. Topics such as climate change, water management projects, invasion of exotic species and national parks management are presented as the forum to evaluate options, trade-offs and solutions to environmental social issues. Prerequisites: BIOL 208 or consent of Instructor. BOT 205 recommended.

Starting: 2024-09-01 BIOL 384 - Global Change and Ecosystems

3 units (fi 6)(SECOND, 3-0-0)

Ecological impacts of climate change and large-scale human activities on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The focus of this course is to learn to write brief technical summaries of current environment issues, in a fashion that can be understood by an educated citizen. Topics such as climate change, water management projects, invasion of exotic species and national parks management are presented as the forum to evaluate options, trade-offs and solutions to environmental social issues. Prerequisites: BIOL 208; BOT 205 recommended.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER, 0-1S-6)

A laboratory course introducing students to techniques in gene manipulation, protein expression and bioinformatics by following a gene through a thematic series of molecular manipulations. Restricted to Honors and Specialization students in Biological Sciences and consent of instructor. Prerequisites: BIOL 207 and BIOCH 200. Not to be taken by students currently enrolled in GENET 420 or with credit in GENET 420. Credit can be obtained for only one of BIOL 391, IMIN 391 or MMI 391.

Starting: 2024-09-01 BIOL 391 - Techniques in Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER, 0-1S-6)

A laboratory course introducing students to techniques in gene manipulation, protein expression and bioinformatics by following a gene through a thematic series of molecular manipulations. Prerequisites: BIOL 207 and BIOCH 200 or consent of Department. Not to be taken by students currently enrolled in GENET 420 or with credit in GENET 420. Credit can be obtained for only one of BIOL 391, IMIN 391 or MMI 391.

3 units (fi 6)(SECOND, 0-1S-6)

A laboratory course introducing students to current molecular biology techniques and associated analyses used to study population genetics, systematics, and evolutionary biology in natural populations. Students will develop microsatellite marker systems and use them to examine the genetic structure of a natural population. A comparative bioinformatic approach will be used to generate sequence data to investigate the use of single nucleotide polymorphisms in candidate gene analysis and in phylogenetic inference. Prerequisite: BIOL 207, 208 and consent of instructor, corequisite: BIOL 380. Note: BIOL 392 and 592 cannot both be taken for credit.

Starting: 2024-09-01 BIOL 392 - Laboratory Techniques in Molecular Ecology and Systematics

3 units (fi 6)(SECOND, 0-1S-6)

A laboratory course introducing students to current molecular biology techniques and associated analyses used to study population genetics, systematics, and evolutionary biology in natural populations. Students will develop microsatellite marker systems and use them to examine the genetic structure of a natural population. A comparative bioinformatic approach will be used to generate sequence data to investigate the use of single nucleotide polymorphisms in candidate gene analysis and in phylogenetic inference. Prerequisite: BIOL 207 and BIOL 208. Corequisite: BIOL 380. Note: BIOL 392 and 592 cannot both be taken for credit.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER, VARIABLE)

Covers special topics of current interest in biology pertaining specifically to field opportunities. This course may be held outside of Edmonton at one or more off-campus locations either domestically or internationally, and may require additional on-campus coursework. This course requires payment of additional miscellaneous fees. Refer to the Tuition and Fees page in the University Regulations section of the Calendar. See departmental website for BIOL 395 offered sections. Prerequisite: second year Biological Sciences course and permission of instructor. Credit for this course may be obtained more than once.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER, 0-0-6)

Directed research done under the supervision of an academic member of the Department of Biological Sciences. Normally for students in their third year of study. Successful completion of this course requires a written report on the research project. Prerequisites: A 200-level Biological Sciences course and consent of the Associate Chair, Undergraduate Studies. Credit for this course may be obtained only once.

3 units (fi 12)(TWO TERM, 0-0-6)

Directed research done under the supervision of an academic member of the Department of Biological Sciences. Normally for students in their third year of study. Successful completion of this course requires a written report on the research project. Prerequisites: A 200-level Biological Sciences course and consent of the Associate Chair, Undergraduate Studies. Credit for this course may be obtained only once.

3 units (fi 12)(TWO TERM, 0-0-6)

Directed research done under the supervision of an academic member of the Department of Biological Sciences. Normally for students in their third year of study. Successful completion of this course requires a written report on the research project. Prerequisites: A 200-level Biological Sciences course and consent of the Associate Chair, Undergraduate Studies. Credit for this course may be obtained only once.

3 units (fi 6)(FIRST, 3-0-0)

This course will examine the biology of zoonotic agents and the implication of host-pathogen interactions to disease susceptibility and resistance. Students will apply these basic concepts towards the understanding of issues governing pathogenesis, pathology, epidemiology, control and surveillance of zoonotic diseases. Focus will be placed on zoonotic agents currently having a significant impact on animal and public health. Lectures will be followed by active discussion of selected readings. Prerequisites: one of IMIN 200, ZOOL 352, ZOOL 354, ENT 392 or consent of instructor. Credit cannot be obtained for both BIOL 409 and BIOL 509.

Starting: 2024-09-01 BIOL 409 - Zoonoses

3 units (fi 6)(FIRST, 3-0-0)

This course will examine the biology of zoonotic agents and the implication of host-pathogen interactions to disease susceptibility and resistance. Students will apply these basic concepts towards the understanding of issues governing pathogenesis, pathology, epidemiology, control and surveillance of zoonotic diseases. Focus will be placed on zoonotic agents currently having a significant impact on animal and public health. Lectures will be followed by active discussion of selected readings. Prerequisites: one of IMIN 200, ZOOL 352, ZOOL 354, or ENT 392. Credit cannot be obtained for both BIOL 409 and BIOL 509.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER, 3-0-3)

Methods for inferring evolutionary trees and their applications to the fields of comparative biology, molecular evolution, and systematics. Topics to be covered include phylogenetic inference, molecular evolution integrated at the organismal and population level, and evolutionary developmental genetics. Labs emphasize practical experience in data analysis. Prerequisite: BIOL 335 or consent of instructor. BIOL 380 or 392 recommended. Credit cannot be obtained for both BIOL 421 and BIOL 521. Offered in alternate years.

Starting: 2024-09-01 BIOL 421 - Molecular Evolution and Systematics

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER, 3-0-3)

Methods for inferring evolutionary trees and their applications to the fields of comparative biology, molecular evolution, and systematics. Topics to be covered include phylogenetic inference, molecular evolution integrated at the organismal and population level, and evolutionary developmental genetics. Labs emphasize practical experience in data analysis. Prerequisite: BIOL 335 or consent of Department. BIOL 380 or 392 recommended. Credit cannot be obtained for both BIOL 421 and BIOL 521. Offered in alternate years.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER, 3-0-3)

Emphasis is on the design of experiments and analysis of data collected from field and laboratory studies in Biology. Prerequisites: STAT 141 or 151 or SCI 151 and a 300-level Biological Sciences course. Credit cannot be obtained for BIOL 430, 530 and REN R 480.

Starting: 2024-09-01 BIOL 430 - Statistical Design and Analysis in Biology

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER, 3-0-3)

Emphasis is on the design of experiments and analysis of data collected from field and laboratory studies in Biology. Prerequisites: STAT 151 or 161 or SCI 151, BIOL 330, and an additional 300-level Biological Sciences course; or consent of Department. Credit can be obtained in only one of BIOL 430, 530 and REN R 480.

3 units (fi 6)(SECOND, 3-0-3)

Principles of population ecology as they apply to plants and animals; population consequences of variation among individuals; habitat structure and population structure; habitat selection and foraging theory; life tables, demography, and the evolution of life history patterns; population dynamics; interactions among organisms (predation, competition, mutualism, parasites/disease); harvesting; and population regulation. Prerequisites: BIOL 208; BIOL 330; one of MATH 114, 125, 134, 144, or 154; STAT 151 or 161.

3 units (fi 6)(FIRST, 0-0-6)

Design, execution, analysis, and presentation of problems in behavioral, population, and community ecology in a field environment. Field exercises, demonstration of techniques, and data collection for independent projects will take place during the two weeks preceding the Fall term at a field station off the main campus. Final reports are due in the last week of September. Prerequisites: BIOL 331 or 332 or ZOOL 371 or BOT 332; a statistics course such as STAT 151 or SCI 151, BIOL 330 or 430. This course requires payment of additional miscellaneous fees. Refer to the Tuition and Fees page in the University Regulations section of the Calendar.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER, 3-0-0)

Plants and animals are engaged in a diversity of ecological interactions, with implications for evolutionary trajectories, species coexistence, and the delivery of ecosystem services. This course requires active engagement, which may include discussion and debate. Lecture content will include a diversity of advanced topics in ecology and evolutionary biology with a focus on species interactions. Prerequisite: BIOL 331 or 332 or BOT 332 or ZOOL 371.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER, 0-3S-0)

An introduction to the broad field of Chemical Ecology through survey, discussion and analysis of current and historical literature. Topics include a wide array of chemically-mediated ecological interactions in a variety of taxa. Studies that analyze the importance of the use of chemical signals for habitat selection, resource acquisition, reproduction, defense and social interactions are discussed. Students research topics in Chemical Ecology and present their findings in oral and written formats. Prerequisite: BIOL 208. CHEM 164 or 261 recommended. Credit cannot be obtained for both BIOL 434 and 534. Offered in alternate years.

3 units (fi 6)(SECOND, 0-3S-0)

The course will introduce students to theory and techniques employed in the analysis of physical, hydrological, chemical, and ecological properties of ecosystems using a watershed (catchment) approach. Focus will be on landscape interactions or linkages between upland, wetland/riparian, and surface-water in the study of the natural ecohydrologic function and response to disturbance of watershed ecosystems. Emphasis will be placed on Boreal Alberta. Topics are covered through reading the literature and group discussions. Prerequisite: BIOL 333 or 340 or 364 or EAS 223 or REN R 350, or consent of instructor. Credit cannot be obtained for both BIOL 440 and 540.

Starting: 2024-09-01 BIOL 440 - Watershed Ecohydrology

3 units (fi 6)(SECOND, 0-3S-0)

The course will introduce students to theory and techniques employed in the analysis of physical, hydrological, chemical, and ecological properties of ecosystems using a watershed (catchment) approach. Focus will be on landscape interactions or linkages between upland, wetland/riparian, and surface-water in the study of the natural ecohydrologic function and response to disturbance of watershed ecosystems. Emphasis will be placed on Boreal Alberta. Topics are covered through reading the literature and group discussions. Prerequisite: One of BIOL 333, 340, 364, EAS 223, REN R 350, or consent of the Department. Credit cannot be obtained for both BIOL 440 and 540.

3 units (fi 6)(SECOND, 0-3S-0)

This course explores the intersecting biological, chemical, and geological processes and reactions governing the cycling of elements that control our environment. Course discussions will include consideration of the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere, and will be framed by our understanding that elemental cycling on Earth is fundamentally altered by organisms. Coursework will incorporate current topics in anthropogenic alteration of the natural cycles critical for organismal and planetary function. Prerequisites: CHEM 101 and BIOL 208. Credit cannot be obtained for both BIOL 442 and 542.

3 units (fi 6)(FIRST, 0-3S-0)

Survey, discussion and evaluation of literature dealing with current advances and selected topics in animal and cell physiology. Prerequisite: ZOOL 340 or 342 or 343, or PHYSL 372 and consent of instructor. Credit may be obtained more than once. Offered in alternate years.

3 units (fi 6)(SECOND, 0-3S-0)

Seminar and reading course addressing current topics in conservation biology. Prerequisites: BIOL 367 or REN R 364 or consent of instructor.

3 units (fi 6)(SECOND, 3-0-3)

Landscapes are holistic entities whose patterns influence ecological processes. Topics highlighted in this course include landscape components, morphology and dynamics; detecting spatial/temporal change in landscapes; issues of scales; movements of organisms, disturbances, and nutrients across landscape mosaics; and restoration, planning and management in a landscape context. Labs emphasize GIS applications to characterizing landscape patterns and heterogeneity in space and time, distributing and moving organisms across landscapes, and restoring or planning landscapes for conservation objectives. Prerequisites: MATH 115 or SCI 100; STAT 151 or SCI 151; one of BIOL 331, 332 or BOT 332. Previous GIS course is useful. Credit cannot be obtained for both BIOL 471 and 571.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER, 0-0-6)

Registration will be contingent on the student's having made prior arrangements with a faculty member willing to supervise the program. Credit may be obtained more than once. Prerequisites: A 300-level Biological Sciences course and consent of the Associate Chair, Undergraduate Studies.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER, 0-3S-0)

Covers specialized topics of current interest to advanced undergraduates in Biological Sciences. Consult the Department for details about current offerings. Prerequisite: consent of instructor. Credit for this course may be obtained more than once.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER, 3-0-3)

Covers specialized topics of current interest to advanced undergraduates in Biological Sciences. Consult the Department for details about current offerings. Prerequisite: consent of instructor. Credit for this course may be obtained more than once.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER, 0-1S-6)

Covers specialized topics of current interest to advanced undergraduates in Biological Sciences. Consult the Department for details about current offerings. Prerequisite: consent of instructor. Credit for this course may be obtained more than once.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER, 0-0-6)

Directed research done under the supervision of an academic member of the Department of Biological Sciences. Normally for students in their fourth year of study. Successful completion of this course requires a written report on the research project. Credit may be obtained more than once. Prerequisites: A 300-level Biological Sciences course and consent of the Associate Chair, Undergraduate Studies.

3 units (fi 12)(TWO TERM, 0-0-6)

Directed research done under the supervision of an academic member of the Department of Biological Sciences. Normally for students in their fourth year of study. Successful completion of this course requires an oral presentation and a written report on the research project. Prerequisites: A 300-level Biological Sciences course and the consent of the Associate Chair, Undergraduate Studies. Note: Students in Honors in Biological Sciences are required to successfully complete BIOL 499.

3 units (fi 12)(TWO TERM, 0-0-6)

Directed research done under the supervision of an academic member of the Department of Biological Sciences. Normally for students in their fourth year of study. Successful completion of this course requires an oral presentation and a written report on the research project. Prerequisites: A 300-level Biological Sciences course and the consent of the Associate Chair, Undergraduate Studies. Note: Students in Honors in Biological Sciences are required to successfully complete BIOL 499.

3 units (fi 6)(FIRST, 3-1S-0)

Discussion of computational tools and databases used in the analysis of data from high-throughput molecular biology studies. Students will use existing tools, learn the underlying algorithms and their limitations, and will be required to complete an individual research project. Prerequisite: consent of instructor. Credit cannot be obtained for both BIOIN 301 and BIOL 501.

2 units (fi 4)(EITHER, 1-1S-0)

Lectures and discussions on a variety of subjects in systematics and evolutionary biology by graduate students, staff, and visiting speakers. Credit may be obtained more than once. Prerequisite: consent of instructors for students not registered in the systematics and evolution graduate program.

3 units (fi 6)(FIRST, 3-0-0)

This course will examine the biology of zoonotic agents and the implication of host-pathogen interactions to disease susceptibility and resistance. Students will apply these basic concepts towards the understanding of issues governing pathogenesis, pathology, epidemiology, control and surveillance of zoonotic diseases. Focus will be placed on zoonotic agents currently having a significant impact on animal and public health. Lectures will be followed by active discussion of selected readings. Scheduled classes are the same as for BIOL 409, but with additional assignments and evaluation appropriate to graduate studies. Prerequisite: consent of instructor. Credit cannot be obtained for both BIOL 409 and BIOL 509.

3 units (fi 6)(FIRST, 3-0-0)

Biological aging is a complex process that involves the progressive deterioration of an organism over time. This course covers the aging process at the molecular, tissue and organismal levels. Topics for discussion include assessment of animal models of aging, mechanisms of aging, healthy aging, age-associated disease and interventions. Lectures are the same as BIOL 310, but with additional assignments and evaluation appropriate to graduate studies. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor. Credit cannot be obtained for both BIOL 310 and BIOL 510.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER, 3-0-3)

Methods for inferring evolutionary trees and their applications to the fields of comparative biology, molecular evolution, and systematics. Topics to be covered include phylogenetic inference, molecular evolution integrated at the organismal and population level, and evolutionary developmental genetics. Labs emphasize practical experience in data analysis. Lectures and labs are the same as BIOL 421, but with additional assignments and evaluation appropriate to graduate studies. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor. Credit cannot be obtained for both BIOL 421 and BIOL 521. Offered in alternate years.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER, 3-0-3)

Emphasis is on the design of experiments and analysis of data collected from field and laboratory studies in Biology. Lectures and labs are the same as BIOL 430, but with additional assignments and evaluations appropriate to graduate studies. Prerequisite: consent of instructor. Credit cannot be obtained for BIOL 430, 530 and REN R 480.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER, 0-3S-0)

An introduction to the broad field of Chemical Ecology through survey, discussion and analysis of current and historical literature. Topics include a wide array of chemically-mediated ecological interactions in a variety of taxa. Studies that analyze the importance of the use of chemical signals for habitat selection, resource acquisition, reproduction, defense and social interactions are discussed. Students research topics in Chemical Ecology and present their findings in oral and written formats. Graduate students complete an additional assignment and evaluation appropriate to graduate studies. Prerequisite: consent of instructor. Credit cannot be obtained for both BIOL 434 and 534. Offered in alternate years.

3 units (fi 6)(SECOND, 0-3S-0)

The course will introduce students to theory and techniques employed in the analysis of physical, hydrological, chemical, and ecological properties of ecosystems using a watershed (catchment) approach. Focus will be on landscape approaches relating interactions or linkages between upland, wetland/riparian, and surface-water in the study of the natural ecohydrologic function and response to disturbance of watershed ecosystems. Emphasis will be placed on Boreal Alberta. Topics are covered through reading the literature and group discussions. Seminars are the same as for BIOL 440, but with additional assignments and evaluation appropriate to graduate studies. Prerequisite: consent of instructor. Credit cannot be obtained for both BIOL 440 and 540.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER, 0-3S-0)

This course explores the intersecting biological, chemical, and geological processes and reactions governing the cycling of elements that control our environment. Course discussions will include consideration of the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere, and will be framed by our understanding that elemental cycling on Earth is fundamentally altered by organisms. Coursework will incorporate current topics in anthropogenic alteration of the natural cycles critical for organismal and planetary function. Seminars are the same as for BIOL 442, but with additional assignments and evaluation appropriate to graduate studies. Prerequisite: consent of Instructor. Credit cannot be obtained for both BIOL 442 and 542.

3 units (fi 6)(SECOND, 0-0-6)

Critical discussion and use of techniques for characterizing macromolecules from prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems. This course provides the theoretical and hands-on experience required to use classic and cutting-edge technologies to characterize the properties of these macromolecules. Prerequisite: consent of instructor. Lectures, assignments and exams are the same as BIOL 343 with additional assignments and evaluation appropriate to graduate studies. Credit can only be obtained for one of BIOL 343 or 543 or MICRB 343 or 345.

3 units (fi 6)(FIRST, 0-3S-0)

Survey, discussion and evaluation of literature dealing with current advances and selected topics in animal and cell physiology. Credit may be obtained more than once. Discussions are the same as for BIOL 445, but with additional assignments and evaluation appropriate to graduate studies. Enrolment of students by consent of instructor. Offered in alternate years.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER, 0-3S-0)

Seminar and reading on current problems concerning selected aspects of ecology. More than one section may be available and topics change from year to year. Please consult the Department for current information. Credit for this course may be obtained more than once. Prerequisite: at least one 400-level ecology course.

3 units (fi 6)(SECOND, 0-3S-1)

Formulation, analysis, parameterization, and validation of quantitative models for ecological processes. Applications include population dynamics, species interactions, movement, and spatial processes. Approaches include classical hypothesis testing, computer simulation, differential equations, individual-based models, least squares, likelihood, matrix equations, Markov processes, multiple working hypotheses, and stochastic processes. The lab covers computer simulation methods. Prerequisite: consent of Instructor. Offered in alternate years.

3 units (fi 6)(SECOND, 3-0-3)

Landscapes are holistic entities whose patterns influence ecological processes. Topics highlighted in this course include landscape components, morphology and dynamics; detecting spatial/temporal change in landscapes; issues of scales; movements of organisms, disturbances, and nutrients across landscape mosaics; and restoration, planning and management in a landscape context. Labs emphasize GIS applications to characterizing landscape patterns and heterogeneity in space and time, distributing and moving organisms across landscapes, and restoring or planning landscapes for conservation objectives. Lectures and labs are the same as for BIOL 471, but with an additional research project and evaluation appropriate to graduate studies. Prerequisite: consent of instructor. Credit cannot be obtained for both BIOL 471 and 571.

3 units (fi 6)(SECOND, 0-1S-6)

A laboratory course introducing students to current molecular biology techniques and associated analyses used to study population genetics, systematics, and evolutionary biology in natural populations. Students will develop microsatellite marker systems and use them to examine the genetic structure of a natural population. A comparative bioinformatic approach will be used to generate sequence data to investigate the use of single nucleotide polymorphisms in candidate gene analysis and in phylogenetic inference. Labs are the same as BIOL 392, but with additional assignments and evaluation appropriate to graduate studies. Prerequisite: consent of instructor, corequisite: BIOL 380. Credit cannot be obtained for both BIOL 392 and 592.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER, 0-3S-0)

Covers specialized topics of current interest to graduate students in Biological Sciences. Consult the Department for details about current offerings. Prerequisite: consent of instructor. Credit for this course may be obtained more than once.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER, 3-0-3)

Covers specialized topics of current interest to graduate students in Biological Sciences. Consult the Department for details about current offerings. Prerequisite: consent of instructor. Credit for this course may be obtained more than once.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER, 0-1S-6)

Covers specialized topics of current interest to graduate students in Biological Sciences. Consult the Department for details about current offerings. Prerequisite: consent of instructor. Credit for this course may be obtained more than once.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER, 0-3S-0)

Designed for new graduate students in environmental biology to foster critical thinking and discussion and to introduce them to issues of experimental design and analysis and different approaches to ecology. The course involves student discussion of papers, lectures by faculty members on their research, seminars by students and a written assignment. Prerequisite: consent of instructor. Preference will be given to students in Biological Sciences.

1 unit (fi 2)(EITHER, 0-1S-0)

Credit may be obtained more than once.

1 unit (fi 2)(EITHER, 0-2S-0)

This course will cover specialized topics of current interest to graduate students in Biological Sciences with an emphasis on learning new research skills. Prerequisite: consent of Instructor. Credit for this course may be obtained more than once.

1 unit (fi 2)(EITHER, 0-2S-0)

Credit may be obtained more than once.

1 unit (fi 2)(EITHER, 0-0-3)

A credit/no-credit course for graduate students who are mentoring undergraduates in a research course (BIOL 398, 490 and 498) under the supervision of an academic member of the Department of Biological Sciences. Mentorship includes activities such as in lab or field supervision, training, and help with reports and presentations. Consent of Department of Biological Sciences required. Can be taken in any year. Credit may be obtained more than once.

1 unit (fi 4)(TWO TERM, 0-0-3)

A credit/no-credit course for graduate students who are mentoring undergraduates in a research course (BIOL 399 and 499) under the supervision of an academic member of the Department of Biological Sciences. Mentorship includes activities such as in lab or field supervision, training, and help with reports and presentations. Consent of Department of Biological Sciences required. Can be taken in any year. Credit may be obtained more than once.

1 unit (fi 4)(TWO TERM, 0-0-3)

A credit/no-credit course for graduate students who are mentoring undergraduates in a research course (BIOL 399 and 499) under the supervision of an academic member of the Department of Biological Sciences. Mentorship includes activities such as in lab or field supervision, training, and help with reports and presentations. Consent of Department of Biological Sciences required. Can be taken in any year. Credit may be obtained more than once.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER(FR), 3-1S-3)

Introduction à la structure et au fonctionnement de la cellule. Les principaux sujets étudiés comprennent les cellules procaryotes et eucaryotes, la bioénergétique, comment les cellules se reproduisent et comment l'information génétique est emmagasinée et utilisée à travers les processus de réplication de l'ADN, de transcription et de traduction. Préalable(s): Biologie 30 et Chimie 30. Note: BIOLE 107 n'est pas un préalable pour BIOLE 108.

Starting: 2024-09-01 BIOLE 107 - Introduction à la biologie cellulaire

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER(FR), 3-0-3)

Introduction à la structure et au fonctionnement de la cellule. Les principaux sujets étudiés comprennent les cellules procaryotes et eucaryotes, la bioénergétique, comment les cellules se reproduisent et comment l'information génétique est emmagasinée et utilisée à travers les processus de réplication de l'ADN, de transcription et de traduction. Préalable(s): Biologie 30 et Chimie 30. Note: BIOLE 107 n'est pas un préalable pour BIOLE 108.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER(FR), 3-1S-3)

Examine les grandes lignées de la vie sur la Terre. Un survol des principes de l'évolution et de la classification, l'histoire de la vie et les adaptations clefs des procaryotes, protistes, eumycètes, végétaux et animaux. Les laboratoires examinent la diversité de formes et de fonctions biologiques, et introduisent l'étudiant à la collecte de données et à la rédaction scientifique. Préalable: Biologie 30. Note: BIOLE 107 n'est pas un préalable pour BIOLE 108.

Starting: 2024-09-01 BIOLE 108 - Introduction à la diversité biologique

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER(FR), 3-0-3)

Examine les grandes lignées de la vie sur la Terre. Un survol des principes de l'évolution et de la classification, l'histoire de la vie et les adaptations clefs des procaryotes, protistes, eumycètes, végétaux et animaux. Les laboratoires examinent la diversité de formes et de fonctions biologiques, et introduisent l'étudiant à la collecte de données et à la rédaction scientifique. Préalable: Biologie 30. Note: BIOLE 107 n'est pas un préalable pour BIOLE 108.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER(FR), 3-0-0)

Une dissection structurale et fonctionnelle de la cellule eucaryote. Détection de molécules spécifiques au niveau ultrastructural; structure et fonction de la membrane plasmique; rôle du cytosquelette dans le transport intracellulaire, la mitose et la cytocinèse; le système endomembranaire, le ciblage des protéines, l'exocytose et l'endocytose; structure et fonction du noyau; contrôle du cycle cellulaire et cancer. Préalable(s): BIOLE 107 et un cours de CHIM de niveau 100, ou SCI 100. Note: Ce cours n'est pas accessible aux étudiants ayant ou postulant des crédits pour CELL 201.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER(FR), 3-1S-3)

Les principes chromosomiques et moléculaires de la transmission et du fonctionnement des gènes; la construction de cartes génétiques et physiques des gènes et des génomes; les protocoles utilisés pour isoler des gènes spécifiques. Seront aussi à l'étude les exemples de mécanismes régulateurs pour l'expression de matériel génétique chez les procaryotes et les eucaryotes. Préalable(s): BIOLE 107 ou SCI 100.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER(FR), 3-0-3)

L'écologie est l'étude scientifique des interactions entre les organismes et leur environnement selon une hiérarchie de niveaux d'organisation: les individus, les populations, les communautés et les écosystèmes. Destiné à donner à l'étudiant une vue générale des concepts de base en écologie, ce cours peut aussi servir de préparation à des cours plus avancés. Dans les laboratoires, l'accent sera sur le recueil, l'analyse et l'interprétation des données provenant d'expériences écologiques afin d'illustrer et compléter les notes du cours. Les exemples seront tirés d'une vaste étendue d'organismes et de systèmes. Préalable(s): BIOLE 108 ou SCI 100.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER(FR), 3-0-0)

Survol des effets néfastes des agents chimiques et physiques sur les systèmes biologiques dans un contexte écologique. Ce cours permet de comprendre les effets biologiques et leur évaluation grâce à une approche multidisciplinaire ancrée dans les savoirs occidentaux et autochtones. Préalable(s) BIOLE 208, ZOOL 241, ou PHYSE 210, ou PHYSL 212 ou 214 et CHIM 164 ou 261; ou équivalent. Note: Ce cours n'est pas accessible aux étudiants ayant ou postulant des crédits pour BIOL 341.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER(FR), 3-1S-0)

Application de la biologie moléculaire à l'étude de la systématique, de la structure des populations naturelles, des systèmes d'accouplement et de la criminalistique. Les sujets discutés incluent les techniques de détection de la variation génétique des populations naturelles, l'analyse phylogénétique de données moléculaires, les modèles mathématiques de la structure des populations, l'analyse de paternité et les empreintes génétiques. Préalable: BIOLE 207. BIOLE 221 ou équivalent est recommandé.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER(FR), 0-0-6)

Recherche dirigée sous la supervision d'un membre du personnel académique qui effectue des recherches dans le domaine des sciences biologiques. Les résultatsde la recherche seront présentés sous la forme d'un rapport écrit. Préalable(s): Un cours de niveau 200 en biologie ou en biochimie et l'approbation du superviseur de recherche. Note: L'accès à ce cours peut être limité par la disponibilité d'un superviseur de recherché.

3 units (fi 12)(2 TERM(FR), 0-0-6)

Recherche dirigée sous la supervision d'un membre du personnel académique qui effectue des recherches dans le domaine des sciences biologiques. Les résultats de la recherche seront présentés sous la forme d'un rapport écrit. Préalable(s): Un cours de niveau 200 en biologie ou en biochimie et l'approbation du superviseur de recherche. Note: L'accès à ce cours peut être limité par la disponibilité d'un superviseur de recherche.

3 units (fi 12)(2 TERM(FR), 0-0-6)

Recherche dirigée sous la supervision d'un membre du personnel académique qui effectue des recherches dans le domaine des sciences biologiques. Les résultats de la recherche seront présentés sous la forme d'un rapport écrit. Préalable(s): Un cours de niveau 200 en biologie ou en biochimie et l'approbation du superviseur de recherche. Note: L'accès à ce cours peut être limité par la disponibilité d'un superviseur de recherche.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER(FR), 0-0-6)

L'inscription dépendra d'une entente préalable entre l'étudiant et un professeur qui serait prêt à superviser le projet. Des crédits peuvent être obtenus plus d'une fois pour ce cours. Préalable(s): *3 de niveau 300 en sciences biologiques et l'approbation du Vice-doyen aux affaires académiques. Note: L'accès à ce cours peut être limité par la disponibilité d'un superviseur de recherche.

Starting: 2024-09-01 BIOLE 490 - Étude dirigée

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER(FR), 0-0-6)

L'inscription dépendra d'une entente préalable entre l'étudiant et un professeur qui serait prêt à superviser le projet. Des crédits peuvent être obtenus plus d'une fois pour ce cours. Préalable(s): 3 crédits de niveau 300 en sciences biologiques et l'approbation du Vice-doyen aux affaires académiques. Note: L'accès à ce cours peut être limité par la disponibilité d'un superviseur de recherche.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER(FR), 0-0-6)

Recherche dirigée dans le laboratoire d'un membre du personnel académique en biologie. Des crédits peuvent être obtenus plus d'une fois pour ce cours. Préalable(s): *3 de niveau 300 en sciences biologiques et l'approbation du superviseur de recherche. Note: L'accès à ce cours peut être limité par la disponibilité d'un superviseur de recherche.

Starting: 2024-09-01 BIOLE 498 - Projet de recherche

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER(FR), 0-0-6)

Recherche dirigée dans le laboratoire d'un membre du personnel académique en biologie. Des crédits peuvent être obtenus plus d'une fois pour ce cours. Préalable(s): 3 crédits de niveau 300 en sciences biologiques et l'approbation du superviseur de recherche. Note: L'accès à ce cours peut être limité par la disponibilité d'un superviseur de recherche.

3 units (fi 12)(2 TERM(FR), 0-0-6)

Recherche dirigée dans le laboratoire d'un membre du personnel académique en biologie. La complétion de ce projet requiert une présentation orale et un rapport écrit sur le projet de recherche. Préalable(s): *3 de niveau 300 en sciences biologiques et l'approbation du superviseur de recherche. Note: L'accès à ce cours peut être limité par la disponibilité d'un superviseur de recherche.

Starting: 2024-09-01 BIOLE 499A - Projet de recherche

3 units (fi 12)(2 TERM(FR), 0-0-6)

Recherche dirigée dans le laboratoire d'un membre du personnel académique en biologie. La complétion de ce projet requiert une présentation orale et un rapport écrit sur le projet de recherche. Préalable(s): 3 crédits de niveau 300 en sciences biologiques et l'approbation du superviseur de recherche. Note: L'accès à ce cours peut être limité par la disponibilité d'un superviseur de recherche.

3 units (fi 12)(2 TERM(FR), 0-0-6)

Recherche dirigée dans le laboratoire d'un membre du personnel académique en biologie. La complétion de ce projet requiert une présentation orale et un rapport écrit sur le projet de recherche. Préalable(s): *3 de niveau 300 en sciences biologiques et l'approbation du superviseur de recherche. Note: L'accès à ce cours peut être limité par la disponibilité d'un superviseur de recherche.

Starting: 2024-09-01 BIOLE 499B - Projet de recherche

3 units (fi 12)(2 TERM(FR), 0-0-6)

Recherche dirigée dans le laboratoire d'un membre du personnel académique en biologie. La complétion de ce projet requiert une présentation orale et un rapport écrit sur le projet de recherche. Préalable(s): 3 crédits de niveau 300 en sciences biologiques et l'approbation du superviseur de recherche. Note: L'accès à ce cours peut être limité par la disponibilité d'un superviseur de recherche.

3 units (fi 6)(FIRST, 3-0-0)

Physical principles important to the operation of biological systems. Biological applications of free energy, entropy, random walks, and diffusion; dynamics at low Reynolds number; cooperativity and 2-state systems; structural self-assembly; kinetic modeling; molecular motors and enzymes; membranes and potentials; genetic networks; sequences and evolution. Prerequisites: MATH 100/114/117/134/144, PHYS 124/144 or EN PH131. PHYS 126/130/146 recommended.

3 units (fi 6)(SECOND, 3-0-0)

Physical properties of biological macromolecules and macromolecular assemblies; biopolymer folding; ligand binding and allostery; lipid membranes; cellular electricity and nerve conduction; models of molecular motors; stochasticity in biology; numerical and experimental techniques in biophysics; synthetic biology. Prerequisites: MATH 209/215/317 or MA PH 351, MATH 201/334/336 or MA PH 251, BIOPH 201, PHYS 234, PHYS 230/281, PHYS 310.

Starting: 2024-09-01 BIOPH 401 - Advanced Biophysics

3 units (fi 6)(SECOND, 3-0-0)

Physical properties of biological macromolecules and macromolecular assemblies; biopolymer folding; ligand binding and allostery; lipid membranes; cellular electricity and nerve conduction; models of molecular motors; stochasticity in biology; numerical and experimental techniques in biophysics; synthetic biology. Prerequisites: MATH 209 or 215 or 315 or 317 or MA PH 351, MATH 201/334/336 or MA PH 251, BIOPH 201, PHYS 234, PHYS 230/281, PHYS 310.

3 units (fi 6)(SECOND, 3-0-0)

Physical properties of biological macromolecules and macromolecular assemblies; biopolymer folding; ligand binding and allostery; lipid membranes; cellular electricity and nerve conduction; models of molecular motors; stochasticity in biology; numerical and experimental techniques in biophysics; synthetic biology. Prerequisites: Consent of Instructor.

3 units (fi 6)(FIRST, 3-0-0)

An introduction to the fundamental levels of organization of the human body highlighted in engineering terms. The first half of the course will consider the chemical, cellular, and tissue levels of organization. The second half of the course will be devoted to bone, joints, muscle, and neural tissue. Guest lectures will include engineers and medical scientists to discuss the relationship between recent advances in biomedical engineering and the underlying anatomy and physiology. This course is intended for students in the Faculty of Engineering. Students from other faculties must obtain the consent of the Department of Biomedical Engineering. Credit may be obtained for only BME 210 or 320.

3 units (fi 6)(SECOND, 3-0-0)

An introduction to the organization of the human body at the level of the anatomical systems highlighted in engineering terms. Lectures will be devoted to the circulatory, respiratory, digestive, urinary, nervous and endocrine systems, and fluid, electrolyte and acid-base homeostasis. Guest lectures will include engineers and medical scientists to discuss the relationship between recent advances in biomedical engineering and the underlying anatomy and physiology. This course is intended for students in the Faculty of Engineering. Students from other faculties must obtain the consent of the Department of Biomedical Engineering. Credit may be obtained for only BME 211 or 321. Prerequisite: BME 320 or consent of Instructor.

3 units (fi 8)(EITHER, 3-0-0)

An introduction to design and development of bioinformatics algorithms and their applications in bioinformatics. Topics may include algorithms for sequence comparison/alignment, large-scale biological database search, evolutionary tree reconstruction, and identification of important features in nucleic acid and protein sequences and underlying computational techniques.

3 units (fi 6)(FIRST, 3-0-0)

Neuroimaging has developed rapidly in recent years, and has had a profound effect on how we understand the human brain. This advanced course is aimed to provide graduate students and senior undergraduate students a comprehensive overview of the neuroimaging techniques (structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), MRI spectroscopy (MRS) etc) currently used in neuroscience research. In addition, we will discuss how neuroimaging methods can advance our understanding of healthy brain function and neuropsychiatric disorders. Prerequisite: Consent of Instructor.

3 units (fi 6)(FIRST, 3-1S-0)

This course will give an overview of the stem cell biology and biomedical applications. Topics will include biological aspects of stem cells, environmental factors and signals that are implicated in regulating stem cell fate, the practical use of stem cells for tissue engineering and cellular therapies. The course will highlight techniques for engineering of stem cells and their micro-environments. The ethical, legal, and regulatory issues that accompany current and emerging stem cell engineering applications will be also discussed. This course is designed for upper undergraduates and graduate students with a strong interest in stem cell biology and stem cell engineering, and the desire to actively contribute to discussions in the class. Pre-requisites: BME 320 or consent of instructor.

3 units (fi 6)(SECOND, 3-0-0)

Introduction to basic physical and technological aspects of medical imaging. Emphasis on computed transmission and emission tomography, magnetic resonance, and ultrasound imaging. These methods are developed and contrasted in terms of how imaging information is generated, detected, and processed and how different hardware configurations and other factors limit image quality. Relative diagnostic potential of the imaging methods is also discussed in relation to future prospects of each method.

3 units (fi 6)(SECOND, 3-0-0)

An advanced course for graduate students in Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering that covers the cellular and systems level changes in sensorimotor and pain pathways in response to motor training and/or trauma to the nervous system. A background on experimental techniques and mechanisms of neuronal plasticity from key studies in cortical, spinal and dorsal horn systems will be provided. Students are expected to write and present on current topics in the field of motor and pain neuroplasticity. Students should have a basic background in neurophysiology. Prerequisites: PMCOL 371 and PHYSL 372 or equivalents or consent of instructor.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER, 3-0-0)

Individual sections covering such topics as signal processing and rehabilitation engineering. Prerequisite: consent of Instructor.

3 units (fi 6)(SECOND, 3-1S-0)

Introduction to rehabilitation techniques for assisting individuals with physical disabilities to reach, stand and walk. Biomechanics of intact and pathological movements and the use of assistive devices such as exoskeletal orthotics, neuroprosthetic devices and locomotor training are emphasized. Students are exposed to the concepts of biomechanical modeling, motion analysis, electrical stimulation, control systems, neuroregeneration, and pharmacology. Prerequisite: BME 320 and 321 or consent of Instructor.

3 units (fi 6)(FIRST, 3-0-0)

Designed for graduate and advanced undergraduate students requiring a thorough grounding in the fundamentals of imaging by means of nuclear magnetic resonance, NMR. Topics include the principles of NMR as applied to imaging, image processing, imaging techniques for achieving specific types of contrast, image artefacts, and typical applications. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor.

1 unit (fi 4)(TWO TERM, 0-1S/2-0)

Series of seminars exposing graduate students to the various areas of research and providing a forum for progress reports in individual areas. Seminars by research workers from inside and outside the University are included. Seminars are informal with ample opportunity for discussion.

1 unit (fi 4)(TWO TERM, 0-1S/2-0)

Series of seminars exposing graduate students to the various areas of research and providing a forum for progress reports in individual areas. Seminars by research workers from inside and outside the University are included. Seminars are informal with ample opportunity for discussion.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER, 3-0-0)

Application and design of instrumentation systems applied to living tissue or biological systems. Transduction principles, sensors, detectors, electronic signal conditioning and processing techniques, electrical safety for medical instrumentation, error analysis. Various sensors will be examined such as displacement, resistive, inductive, capacitive, piezoelectric, temperature, and optical. Actuators incorporated into medical devices will be examined.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER, 3-0-0)

An introduction to design and development of bioinformatics algorithms and their applications in bioinformatics. Topics may include algorithms for sequence comparison/alignment, large-scale biological database search, evolutionary tree reconstruction, and identification of important features in nucleic acid and protein sequences and underlying computational techniques. Credit cannot be obtained for both BME 415 and BME 615.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER, 3-0-0)

Description: An introduction to topics and tools in structure-based and ligand-based in silico drug design such as molecular dynamics, virtual screening, receptor-drug interactions, and pharmacophore modeling. Holistic view of drug discovery including topics such as pharmacokinetics and systems biology, Artificial Intelligence's role in drug discovery and an introduction to precision medicine.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER, 3-0-0)

Fundamental levels of organization of the human body. Anatomical systems including circulatory, respiratory, digestive, urinary, nervous, endocrine, and musculoskeletal systems will be examined. Structure and functional relationships in anatomy and physiology. The course will concentrate on the systems level of anatomy, introducing cellular-and tissue- level concepts when required to complete understanding of how the organ system works. Emphasis will be on how engineering concepts can be applied to the machinery of the human body.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER, 3-0-0)

Prerequisite: consent of Department.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER, 3-0-0)

Design methodology; recognizing and defining open-ended biomedical engineering problems, problem definition, concept generation, project planning, modelling, analysis, decision making, design synthesis, prototyping and testing. Topics may include identifying market needs, idea generation, biologically inspired design, human factors related to design, regulatory issues, intellectual property protection, clinical trials, and commercialization considerations.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER, 3-0-0)

Introduction to the fundamental principles of experimental design, hypothesis formulation, data collection, statistical analysis, literature search and review, developing a research plan, and scientific communications and reporting applied to bioengineering research. Introduction to the ethical issues encountered in biomedical research with human and animal subjects including informed consent, confidentiality, privacy, and research ethics boards.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER, 3-0-0)

Applications of machine learning tools to real-world problems in biomedical engineering including diagnostic and prognostic applications. An introduction to machine learning. Machine learning tools: regression and classification; manifold learning and dimensional reduction; decision trees and ensemble learning; unsupervised learning and clustering; feature selection and feature extraction; neural networks and deep learning. Biomedical applications: cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, neurological diseases and infectious diseases.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER, 3-0-0)

Structure and functional behaviour of tissues in the musculoskeletal and cardiovascular systems. Mechanical characterization of tissues using elastic and viscoelastic models. Topics of continuum mechanics, statics, and dynamics as applied to physiological systems and biological tissues.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER, UNASSIGNED)

Directed capstone project in an area of interest, supervised by a project advisor or faculty member. Development of a project proposal. Projects may involve experimental, analytical, or computational techniques. A final written report and oral presentation are required.

1.5 units (fi 6)(EITHER, UNASSIGNED)

Directed capstone project in an area of interest, supervised by a project advisor or faculty member. Development of a project proposal. Projects may involve experimental, analytical, or computational techniques. A final written report and oral presentation are required.

1.5 units (fi 6)(EITHER, UNASSIGNED)

Directed capstone project in an area of interest, supervised by a project advisor or faculty member. Development of a project proposal. Projects may involve experimental, analytical, or computational techniques. A final written report and oral presentation are required.

3 units (fi 6)(FIRST, 3-0-3)

An overview of the diversity and biology of organisms traditionally included in the Plant Kingdom (algae, fungi, lichens, mosses, ferns, gymnosperms and flowering plants). Emphasis throughout the course is on the relationship between structural and functional innovations in plants and how these have influenced their reproduction and evolution in various ecosystems. Symbioses and co-evolutionary relationships between or among different kinds of plants, and with other groups of organisms, are also considered. Prerequisite: BIOL 108 or SCI 100. Credit cannot be obtained for both BOT 205 and PL SC 221.

3 units (fi 6)(SECOND, 3-0-0)

The generation of a functional plant requires the spatially coordinated acquisition of numerous cell identities. Examines developmental processes in plants at the molecular and cellular level and will cover: body axis establishment and tissue pattern formation during embryogenesis, cell-to-cell communication in patterning events and differentiation processes, and cell differentiation patterns in tissue systems. Emphasis throughout the course will be on current research using developmental mutants. Prerequisites: BIOL 201 and 207; one of BOT 205 or 340 strongly recommended.

3 units (fi 6)(FIRST, 3-0-3)

The Kingdom Fungi, including yeasts, molds, mushrooms, rusts, smuts, mildews, and lichen forming fungi, is one of the most diverse groups of living organisms and plays important roles in nutrient cycling in ecosystems, pathogenesis in plants and animals, and industrial processes. This course offers a systematic overview of the morphology and ecology of fungi and the relevance of these organisms to human affairs. Laboratories offer a selection of fungi for detailed study and permit students to develop and identify pure cultures of fungi from soil, wood and other materials. Prerequisites: BIOL 108 or SCI 100 and a 200-level Biological Sciences course. BOT 205 recommended. This course requires payment of additional student instructional support fees. Refer to the Tuition and Fees page in the University Regulations section of the Calendar.

3 units (fi 6)(EITHER, 0-1S-3)

Seed plant structure and development with particular emphasis on flowering plants. The course covers origin, development, and function of meristems (apical, primary, and lateral), tissue and organ development, wood structure and identification, floral anatomy, embryogenesis, and fruit structure. Prerequisites: BIOL 108 or SCI 100. BOT 205 recommended. Offered in alternate years.

3 units (fi 6)(FIRST, 3-0-3)

Bryophytes (hornworts, liverworts and mosses) form a unique group of basal land plants that are pivotal for understanding evolution of life in terrestrial environments. This course covers the evolution, systematics and ecological diversity of bryophytes of the world, using morphological, molecular and developmental data. Prerequisite: BIOL 108 or SCI 100 and a 200-level Biology course (BOT 205 or 210 recommended) or consent of instructor. Offered in alternate years. This course requires payment of additional miscellaneous fees. Refer to the Tuition and Fees page in the University Regulations section of the Calendar.

Starting: 2024-09-01 BOT 314 - Biology of Bryophytes

3 units (fi 6)(FIRST, 3-0-3)

Bryophytes (hornworts, liverworts and mosses) form a unique group of basal land plants that are pivotal for understanding evolution of life in terrestrial environments. This course covers the evolution, systematics and ecological diversity of bryophytes of the world, using morphological, molecular and developmental data. Prerequisite: BIOL 108 or SCI 100 and a 200-level Biology course (BOT 205 recommended). Offered in alternate years. This course requires payment of additional miscellaneous fees. Refer to the Fees Payment Guide in the University Regulations and Information for Students section of the Calendar.

3 units (fi 6)(SECOND, 3-0-3)

Approaches to the classification and evolution of seed plants with emphasis on flowering plants. The diversity and relationships of seed plants are examined from a phylogenetic perspective. Topics include practical and theoretical aspects of species description, nomenclature and phylogeny interpretation, with a focus on the characteristics and significance of the major plant families in Alberta and from around the world. Prerequisite: BIOL 108 or SCI 100. BOT 205 recommended.

3 units (fi 6)(FIRST, 3-0-3)

Lectures, laboratory, and field exercises provide an introduction to description and identification of plants and their local habitats. Factors affecting variation in natural vegetation and methods used to describe it are discussed. Field exercises and projects take place during the two weeks preceding the fall term and some may take place off campus. Presentations take place during the first four weeks of class time in September. Prerequisites: BIOL 108 or SCI 100 and any 200-level Biology course. (BOT 321 is strongly recommended). May not be taken for credit if credit already obtained in BOT 304. Offered in alternate years. This course requires payment of additional miscellaneous fees. Refer to the Tuition and Fees page in the University Regulations section of the Calendar.

3 units (fi 6)(SECOND, 3-0-3)

The remarkable biodiversity of algae provides the foundation for most aquatic ecosystems around the world. This course emphasizes the evolution, taxonomy, and ecology of major groups of algae to illustrate relationships between their form and function in pristine and polluted environments. Laboratories will focus on the taxonomic diversity of algae through the use of field surveys of local streams and lakes, and experiments using our extensive algal culture collection. Prerequisite: 200-level Biology course. Both BOT 205 and BIOL 208 recommended.