Computer modelling of management systems in such functional areas as accounting, finance, marketing and operations. Basic concepts of deterministic and probabilistic (Monte Carlo) simulation and their applications. Microcomputer implementation of case studies using spreadsheets particularly emphasized. Required term project. Prerequisites: MGTSC 312 (or equivalent STAT course), MGTSC 352 or OM 352; and FIN 301 or ACCTG 311. Not to be taken by students with credit in MGTSC 422.

Prescriptive analytics involves the use of data, mathematical models, and algorithms to identify optimal solutions for achieving organizational goals. This process builds on descriptive and predictive analytics, going beyond the interpretation of past events and the forecasting of future scenarios to also provide advice on the most effective actions to meet business objectives. Students acquire the skills to convert complex business problems into mathematical models, and employ Python programming and commercial solvers to derive optimal decisions. Evaluation components will consist of assignments, case studies, group projects, and two midterm exams. Prerequisites: OM 252 or 352

Prescriptive analytics modeling of efficient distribution of goods and services from points of origin to customers. Topics include strategic decisions, such as aggregate distribution plans and warehouse location, as well as operational decisions, such as selection of delivery routes and dispatching. Formulation and solution of models to prescribe optimal decisions using exact and heuristic methods. This course involves extensive computer modeling and heuristic design. Prerequisite: MGTSC 312 and OM 352.

This course applies the techniques developed in MGTSC 312, OM 352, and business analytics courses to a group project. The emphasis in the projects is on quantitative approaches to business problems. Student groups will be assigned to consulting projects from businesses and other organizations. Groups will work on their projects under the supervision of the instructor(s). Prerequisites: MGTSC 312 (or equivalent) and OM 352. Restricted to fourth year students.

The course focuses on the creation of decision support systems using Microsoft Excel-based spreadsheet models and the associated macro programming language, Visual Basic for Applications (VBA). Students will learn how to create Excel-based applications to aid managers in making decisions based on data and analytics. These applications will have graphical user interfaces, appropriate models in the spreadsheet or in the background, and output reports. Fundamentals of VBA, such as the Excel object model, variables, control logic and loops, subroutines and function subroutines, and user forms will be introduced. Prior programming experience is not assumed. Student projects in this implementation-oriented course will come from different areas such as forecasting, regression, supply chain network design, employee scheduling, and portfolio optimization. Prerequisites: MGTSC 312, MGTSC 352 or OM 352.

Preparation of the honors essay required for students in the Operations Management Honors program. Prerequisite: consent of the Department.

Normally restricted to third- and fourth-year Business students. Prerequisites will depend on topic but may include: MGTSC 312, OM 352 or consent of Department. Additional prerequisites may be required.

Special Study for advanced undergraduates. Prerequisites: consent of the Instructor and Associate Dean, Undergraduate Program.

This course focuses on (1) the competitive advantage that a business unit can derive from innovative and efficient production and delivery of its goods and services and on (2) analytical approaches that are useful in understanding and improving an organization's operations. Specific modules include process diagramming and analysis; measuring and managing flow times; inventory control and optimization; supply chain coordination and operations strategy. Cases will be used to illustrate operational efficiency and its significance to the profitability of a firm. Prerequisite: MGTSC 501. Not to be taken by students with credit in MGTSC 502.

This course is a blend of both experiential learning and theory with the objective of making the student more effective in all types of bargaining. A study of positive theories on how to improve negotiation skills will be combined with analytical models of the game theoretic structure of bargaining. Through this mix of theories and several case studies and bargaining exercises, students will see both the opportunities for joint gain (win-win) and the constraints which can lead to inferior outcomes. Sections offered at an increased rate of fee assessment; refer to the Tuition and Fees page in the University Regulations sections of the Calendar. Prerequisites: First year MBA core courses. Not to be taken by students with credit in MGTSC 604.

Application of predictive statistical models in areas such as insurance risk management, credit risk evaluation, targeted advertising, appointment scheduling, hotel and airline overbooking, and fraud detection. Students will learn how to extract data from relational databases, prepare the data for analysis, and build basic predictive models using data mining software. Emphasizes the practical use of analytical tools to improve decisions rather than algorithm details. Prerequisite: MGTSC 501.

Visual displays of quantitative information include charts, tables, maps, dashboards, animations, and more. Such displays can be used to understand, to inform, and to convince. This course will focus on strategies for carefully and clearly communicating analytical findings to the people who need to take action based on them. We will learn to use both basic tools (such as MS Excel) and advanced tools (such as Tableau and R) to create visual displays. Evaluation components will include assignments, presentations, and exams. Prerequisites: MGTSC 501.

This course will discuss computer modelling of management systems in such functional areas as accounting, finance, marketing, and production. Basic concepts of deterministic and probabilistic (Monte Carlo) simulation and their applications will also be covered. Micro computer implementations of case studies using spreadsheets will be particularly emphasized. A term project will be required. Prerequisite: MGTSC 502 or OM 502. Not to be taken by students with credit in MGTSC 632.

Prescriptive analytics involves the use of data, mathematical models, and algorithms to identify optimal solutions for achieving organizational goals. This process builds on descriptive and predictive analytics, going beyond the interpretation of past events and the forecasting of future scenarios to also provide advice on the most effective actions to meet business objectives. Students acquire the skills to convert complex business problems into mathematical models, and employ Python programming and commercial solvers to derive optimal decisions. Evaluation components will consist of assignments, case studies, group projects, and two midterm exams. Prerequisites: OM 502.

Examines project management including investigation and analysis, scope definition, resource analysis and estimation, timing estimation, cost estimation, scheduling, monitoring, and implementation.

Prescriptive analytics modeling of efficient distribution of goods and services from points of origin to customers. Topics include strategic decisions, such as aggregate distribution plans and warehouse location, as well as operational decisions, such as selection of delivery routes and dispatching. Formulation and solution of models to prescribe optimal decisions using exact and heuristic methods. The course involves extensive computer modeling and heuristic design. Prerequisite: MGTSC 501.

The course focuses on the creation of decision support systems using Microsoft Excel-based spreadsheet models and the associated macro programming language, Visual Basic for Applications (VBA). Students will learn how to create Excel-based applications to aid managers in making decisions based on data and analytics. These applications will have graphical user interfaces, appropriate models in the spreadsheet or in the background, and output reports. Fundamentals of VBA, such as the Excel object model, variables, control logic and loops, subroutines and function subroutines, and user forms will be introduced. Prior programming experience is not assumed. Student projects in this implementation-oriented course will come from different areas such as forecasting, regression, supply chain network design, employee scheduling, and portfolio optimization. Prerequisite: MGTSC 501.

Topics may vary from year to year. Students should check with the MBA Office for pre/corequisites of specific sections.

This course provides a general introduction to the major research fields of operations management (OM). The focus will be on reading and evaluating current papers from prominent OM journals. The theory of science and the review process will be briefly discussed. Students are expected to have as mathematical background the equivalent of an upper-level undergraduate or first-year graduate courses in optimization and probability or stochastic modeling. This course may be appropriate for some graduate students in engineering or computing science. Prerequisite: A graduate or undergraduate course in operations management. Open to all doctoral students or with the written permission of the instructor. Approval of the Business PhD Program Director is also required for non-PhD students.

This course will provide an in-depth introduction to a particular methodology or a particular setting that is relevant to research in operations management. The topic may vary from year to year. Possible topics include optimization modeling and formulation, stochastic modeling and optimization, behavioural research in operations management, and health care operations management. The required background for students will vary depending on the topic. This course may be appropriate for some graduate students in engineering or computing science. Prerequisite: Written permission of the instructor. Approval of the Business PhD Program Director is also required for non-PhD students.

This course is a blend of both experiential learning and theory with the objective of making the student more effective in all types of bargaining. A study of positive theories on how to improve negotiation skills will be combined with analytical models of the game theoretic structure of bargaining. Through this mix of theories and several case studies and bargaining exercises, students will see both the opportunities for joint gain (win-win) and the constraints which can lead to inferior outcomes. Restricted to students registered in the MBA China Program.

This course is a blend of both experiential learning and theory with the objective of making the student more effective in all types of bargaining. A study of positive theories on how to improve negotiation skills will be combined with analytical models of the game theoretic structure of bargaining. Through this mix of theories and several case studies and bargaining exercises, students will see both the opportunities for joint gain (win-win) and the constraints which can lead to inferior outcomes. Restricted to Executive MBA students only.

Understanding the strategic role of operations in an enterprise and the relationship between operations and other business functions; designing, implementing and controlling an effective and efficient operating process. Restricted to Executive MBA students only. Not to be taken by students with credit in MGTSC 830.

Introduction into fundamental medical physics concepts including theory of atomic and nuclear structure, radioactivity, and electromagnetic and particulate radiation. Topics to be covered include production of medically useful radiation, interaction of radiation with matter, radiation dose, and an introduction to physics concepts used in a radiation oncology environment.

Emphasis will be placed on the production of radiation, and its shaping and measurements in the clinical environment, by exploring the fundamental concepts in equipment used in radiation therapy. Specific topics include: principles of the external beam equipment (e.g. orthovoltage unit, linear accelerator), brachytherapy, diagnostic imaging systems (e.g. X-ray imaging, CT, MRI, PET), image guidance equipment, treatment simulators, and general QA procedures.

An introduction to the physics, chemistry, and biology of radiation effects on cells and tissues. Concepts discussed include the biological factors that influence the response of normal and neoplastic cells to radiation therapy; cell survival curves; linear energy transfer and relative biological effectiveness; effects on tissues of time, dose and fractionation of radiation treatment; and emerging concepts in radiobiology.

Introduction of the fundamental concepts in radiation protection and safety for the patient, self, and general public associated with radiotherapy and imaging practices. Topics include: general principles and practices of working safely with ionizing radiation and imaging systems in a healthcare environment, basic radiation shielding considerations and facility design, monitoring and measurement of radiation for protection purposes, and relevant regulatory agencies and associated standards.

An introduction to the biology of cancer highlighting features that distinguish normal cells from cancer cells. Specific topics include the genetic basis of cancer, control of cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis, mechanism of action of cancer drugs and the development of resistance.

A survey course outlining the basic concepts in oncology including basic medical terminology, cancer screening, diagnosis, cancer staging and pathology, pharmacology, and modalities for treating primary and metastatic cancers.

This course explores the foundations of radiation therapy clinical practice. It also introduces person-focused care and clinical oncology concepts.

A unique application-based course exploring the use of imaging in radiation therapy. Using a variety of imaging modalities, students will develop skills in identifying pathological conditions, contouring target volumes, and performing treatment field localization. Students will analyze and interpret images to make informed radiation therapy treatment decisions.

The field of clinical oncology is introduced. The focus is on the evaluation and treatment of tumours in a site-specific manner. Students learn various treatment modalities, regimens, and techniques utilized for the most common tumour sites.

The field of clinical oncology is further explored. The focus is on the evaluation and treatment of tumours in a site-specific manner. Students continue to learn various treatment modalities, regimens, and techniques utilized for the most common tumour sites.

Provides an introduction to oncology with an emphasis on the molecular and cellular biology of cancer. Specific topics include the genetic basis of cancer, the control of cell proliferation, metastasis, tumour immunology, angiogenesis, and cancer therapies. Prerequisite: BIOL 201 or CELL 201 with a minimum grade of C, or consent of the Department.

The foundation of radiation therapy treatment planning considering radiation dose deposition within the patient. Characteristics of radiation beams, and the intricacies of treatment calculations are applied in order to develop an appropriate treatment strategy for typical tumor locations. The course covers the use of low and high energy X-ray, electron and Cobalt60 for a variety of treatment techniques.

Use of computerized treatment planning systems to create radiation treatment plans for the oncology patient. Topics include: 3-D conformal, 4-D planning, intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), protons, electrons, and brachytherapy. Trends and advances impacting medical dosimetry practice will be covered.

A lecture and reading course to address nutritional issues specifically related to cancer prevention, diagnosis, treatment and recovery. Graduate students may not register for credit (see ONCOL 524). Credit will only be given for one of ONCOL 524, 424 and AFNS 524, 424. Prerequisite: (NUTR 301 and 302) or (NU FS 352 and 6 units in Biochemistry) or ONCOL 320.

This course provides an in-depth analysis of selected topics in cancer research. The course features three modules, each covering a different area of cancer research. Modules 1 - 3 and Modules 4 - 6 will be offered in alternate years. Each module is comprised of 8 sessions of 80 min each, with each module taught as an independent unit. Modules have both lecture and group discussion components. Students can take both offerings (modules 1 through 3 and modules 4 through 6) up to a maximum of six credits. Prerequisite: CELL 201/BIOL 201 and a 300 level science course in BIOCH, GENET, ONCOL, CELL or consent of the Department.

Practical techniques in the use of radioisotopes in the life sciences. This course focuses on safe handling of radio-isotopes, measurement of radioactivity, performance of radiochemical reactions and the application of radionuclides in life sciences (99mTc-labeling and 18F-labeling). The accompanying seminar provides the necessary background knowledge to engage with the practical challenges of radionuclide handling. Credit cannot be obtained for both ONCOL 475 and 575.

The course will provide an introduction to the basic science of oncology. Topics to be covered comprise: the genetic basis of cancer, including the role of proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes; mechanisms of carcinogenesis and radiation-sensitivity, including DNA repair and cell cycle control; the molecular basis of tumor metastasis, including tumor cell invasion, extravasation and dormancy; the role of inflammation in cancer initiation and progression; angiogenesis; cancer genetics, and epigenetics; cell signaling; experimental therapeutics; cancer stem cells; drug-resistance; metabolism and palliation. Course offered in alternate (even-numbered) years. Prerequisites: BIOCH 200, and one of the following: BIOCH 320 or 330 or ONCOL 320.

A lecture and reading course to address nutritional issues specifically related to cancer prevention, diagnosis, treatment and recovery. Lectures are the same as for ONCOL 424, but with additional assignments and evaluation appropriate to graduate studies. Credit will only be given for one of ONCOL 524, 424 and AFNS 524, 424. Prerequisite: (NUTR 301 and 302) or (NUFS 352 and 6 units in Biochemistry) or ONCOL 320.

This course provides an in-depth analysis of selected topics in cancer research. The course features three modules, each covering a different area of cancer research. Modules 1 - 3 and Modules 4 - 6 will be offered in alternate years. Each module is comprised of 8 sessions of 80 min each, with each module taught as an independent unit. Modules have both lecture and group discussion components. Lectures are the same as for ONCOL 425, but with additional assignments and evaluation appropriate to graduate studies. This course may not be taken for credit if credit has already been obtained in ONCOL 425. Prerequisite: CELL 201/BIOL 201 and a 300 level science course in BIOCH, GENET, ONCOL, CELL or consent of the Department.

Fundamentals of radiation physics, production and properties of ionizing radiation and their interactions with matter and tissue. Interactions of photons and of charged particles with matter. Concepts of radiation dosimetry (theoretical and experimental, cavity theory and ionization chambers). Consent of Department required.

Theory and practical techniques of external beam radiotherapy and brachytherapy. Topics include single and multiple external beams, scatter analysis, inhomogeneity corrections, intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), dose calculation algorithms, fundamentals of brachytherapy, and brachytherapy dosimetry systems. Prerequisite: ONCOL 550.

Practical aspects of medical physics as applied to radiation therapy. Exposure to the operation of various therapy machines and dose measuring equipment. Application of techniques to measure physical parameters of radiation beams. Introduction to radiation treatment planning with techniques for specific tumor sites. Prerequisite: ONCOL 550. Corequisite: ONCOL 552.

Practical experience with medical physics applied to diagnostic imaging. Operation of radiographic imaging systems and their evaluation with various test equipment and dosimetry systems. Introduction to the operation and evaluation of some advanced imaging modalities. Prerequisites: ONCOL 550 and 562. Corequisites: ONCOL 568 and 564.

Sources of radiation, basic dosimetry, and hazards of ionizing radiation. Basics of radiation safety. Techniques for the detection, use, and safe handling of radiation sources. Radiation safety codes, laws and regulations. Consent of Department required.

Explore the use of technology and physics principles in the diagnosis, tumour and normal tissue delineation, treatment planning, treatment delivery, and treatment verification as applied to cancer patients. Consent of Department required.

A system theory approach to the production, analysis, processing and reconstruction of medical images. An extensive use of Fourier techniques is used to describe the processes involved with conventional radiographic detectors, digital and computed radiography. Review and application of image processing techniques used in diagnostic and therapeutic medicine. Consent of Department required.

Discussion of the fundamental physics of radioactivity, the use of unsealed sources in medical diagnosis and treatment. Unsealed source dosimetry, nuclear measurement instrumentation, spectrometry. Design and function of gamma cameras, single photon emission tomography, and positron emission tomography. Prerequisites: ONCOL 550 and 562.

Current theories and models of cellular responses to ionizing radiation. Modification of radiation response. Radiobiology of normal and neoplastic tissue systems. Late effects of radiation on normal tissue. Radiobiological modeling of normal tissue complication, probability and tumor control probability.

Rigorous development of the physics of x-ray production, interaction and detection in diagnostic radiology, including mammography and ultrasound. In-depth analysis of analog and digital systems in radiography and fluoroscopy is given. The description and design of computed tomographic systems as well as the associated reconstruction algorithms from single to multislice helical systems are studied. Prerequisites: ONCOL 550, 562.

Reading and discussion of current research literature on selected topics in experimental oncology under the direction of one or more faculty members. Topics presently available include cell adhesion mechanisms, cell cycle regulation, DNA repair, radiotherapy and susceptibility and resistance, oncogenes/tumor suppressor genes, and tumor cell metastasis. Notes: (1) Grades will be based on participation in group discussions and/or written reports from assigned readings with emphasis on critical evaluation of the subject matter. (2) Students in other graduate programs may register with the consent of Instructors. Prerequisite: consent of Department.

Practical techniques in the use of radioisotopes in the life sciences. This course focuses on safe handling of radio-isotopes, measurement of radioactivity, performance of radiochemical reactions and the application of radionuclides in life sciences (99mTc-labeling and 18F-labeling). The accompanying seminar provides the necessary background knowledge to engage with the practical challenges of radionuclide handling. Credit cannot be obtained for both ONCOL 475 and 575. Prerequisite: Consent of the Department.

Weekly seminars given by faculty on topics of interest to the medical physics community that are not formally included with the other didactic courses. Includes medical statistics, anatomy/physiology for medical physics, site-specific cancer, experience in clinic, Monte Carlo simulation, Matlab, MR spectroscopy, finite element analysis, and image fusion. No prerequisite.

Weekly seminars given by faculty on topics of interest to the medical physics community that are not formally included with the other didactic courses. Includes medical statistics, anatomy/physiology for medical physics, site-specific cancer, experience in clinic, Monte Carlo simulation, Matlab, MR spectroscopy, finite element analysis, and image fusion. No prerequisite.

A directed reading and seminar course based on recent developments in the cellular and molecular biology of cancer. The students will critically review papers selected from the recent literature and give oral presentations. Prerequisites: ONCOL 520 and consent of Department. Offered in alternate years.

A general seminar/discussion course on recent advances in a wide range of topics related to cancer development and management. Selected topics include experimental therapeutics, molecular oncogenetics, tumour immunobiology, DNA repair, and cell cycle regulation. Notes: (1) all graduate students in the Department of Oncology are expected to attend the seminars whether or not they are registered in the course. (2) All graduate students in the Department of Oncology should register in the course in their second year and present a seminar based on their research project. (3) All graduate students registered in ONCOL 660 will write a paper on a selected topic. Restricted to graduate students in the Department of Oncology.

A general seminar course based on recent advances in a wide range of topics related to cancer. Note: Oncology 661 should be taken in the first term of the year in which Oncology 660 is taken. Graduate students must obtain one credit from ONCOL 661 in order to meet the minimum requirements for the MSc and PhD programs in the Department of Oncology. Restricted to graduate students in the Department of Oncology.

Advanced course on modern magnetic resonance techniques including in-depth description of hardware; advanced imaging sequences and image reconstruction methods; methodologies for in-vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Prerequisite: BME 564 and consent of Instructor.

Guided lecture course with preparation and delivery of teaching lectures on a current topic of Magnetic Resonance research in conjunction with ONCOL 692 and 693 presentations. Prerequisite: ONCOL 690 and consent of Instructor.

Guided reading course in advanced ultrasound, fluoroscopy, X-ray CT, or nuclear imaging with preparation and presentation of teaching lectures in conjunction with ONCOL 691 and 693 presentations. Prerequisite: ONCOL 562, 564, 568, 600, and consent of Instructor.

Guided reading course with preparation and delivery of teaching lectures in novel radiotherapeutic techniques, advanced radiation techniques and delivery in conjunction with ONCOL 691 and 692 presentations. Prerequisite: ONCOL 550, 552, 600, and consent of Instructor.

Open to graduate students, particularly those in the Medical Sciences (Ophthalmology) program. Seminars are given by Residents in the Postgraduate Medical Education program in Ophthalmology. Tutorials are presented by staff or by visiting speakers. Topics covered include; pediatric ophthalmology/strabismus, contact lens/cornea/external eye disease, neuro-ophthalmology, orbit/oculoplastics, retina, principles of ocular surgery, glaucoma, ocular genetics. Specific topics will not be repeated more often than once each four years so that four consecutive enrolments are possible. Prerequisite: consent of Department.

Open to graduate students, particularly those in the Medical Sciences (Ophthalmology) program. Seminars are given by Residents in the Postgraduate Medical Education program in Ophthalmology. Tutorials are presented by staff or by visiting speakers. Topics covered include; pediatric ophthalmology/strabismus, contact lens/cornea/external eye disease, neuro-ophthalmology, orbit/oculoplastics, retina, principles of ocular surgery, glaucoma, ocular genetics. Specific topics will not be repeated more often than once each four years so that four consecutive enrolments are possible. Prerequisite: consent of Department.

This course provides a comprehensive overview of various aspects of eye genetics including both basic science studies and clinical conditions. Clinical case studies and their investigation will form part of the course. Offered in alternate years. Format includes didactic lectures supplemented by brief student presentations and guest speakers. Grades are assigned according to participation and a final exam. Prerequisite: Familiarity with medical genetics and ophthalmology and the consent of the Department.

A seminar course designed for study of current topics in Child Health Research, specific to the student's MSc or PhD Program in the Department of Paediatrics. Prerequisite or Corequisites: Normally restricted to graduate students in Paediatrics. Consent of the Department.

A seminar course designed for study of current topics in Child Health Research, specific to the student's MSc or PhD Program in the Department of Paediatrics. Prerequisite or Corequisites: Normally restricted to graduate students in Paediatrics. Consent of the Department.

A seminar course designed for study of current topics in Child Health Research, specific to the student's MSc or PhD Program in the Department of Paediatrics. Prerequisite or Corequisites: Normally restricted to graduate students in Paediatrics. Consent of the Department.

A seminar designed to address the growing evidence and to recognize the role of early life environmental exposures (biological, physical, chemical and social) as major determinants of child and adult health. Prerequisite or Corequisites: Consent of the Department.

Student internship in paediatrics for students registered in the MD program.

A reading course designed for in-depth, individual study of a specific topic on paediatric medicine related to the student's MSc or PhD Program in the Department of Paediatrics. Prerequisite or Co-requisites: Normally restricted to graduate students in Paediatrics. Consent of the Department required.

This course follows a discovery learning format to critically evaluate scientific literature in a round table discussion. This course centers on principles of biomedical and clinical research as presented in the health sciences literature related to maternal and child health. Prerequisite or Corequisites: Restricted to graduate students in Paediatrics. Graduate students in other programs will require permission from the course coordinators/instructor.

An overview course designed to provide students with an understanding of randomized controlled trial methodology and its application to the design, conduct, and reporting of trials evaluating interventions relevant to outcomes in child health. Instruction will be provided on evidence-based methods, including developing a research question, participant selection, sample size considerations, outcome measurement, data collection and analysis, internal and external validity, ethical considerations, different trial designs, and current guidelines and standards for trial conduct and reporting. Prerequisites: SPH 596 or equivalent and SPH 519 or equivalent, or permission of the instructor.

An applied course designed to provide students with an understanding of randomized controlled trial methodology and its application to the design, conduct, and reporting of trials evaluating interventions relevant to outcomes in child health. Instruction will be provided on evidence-based methods; students will apply this knowledge to develop competence in developing their own trial protocol. Topics include developing a research question, participant selection, sample size considerations, outcome measurement, data collection and analysis, internal and external validity, ethical considerations, different trial designs, and current guidelines and standards for trial conduct and reporting. Prerequisites: SPH 596 and SPH 519, or equivalents, or permission of the instructor.

An overview course designed to provide students with an introduction to and understanding of methods used in the field of knowledge translation and their role in evidence-based medicine in child health. Instruction will be provided on theories, models, and frameworks; change management; implementation planning; stakeholder engagement and capacity-building; and evaluation and reporting. Prerequisites: Permission of the instructor.

This half-year course provides a practical approach to clinical epidemiology with a focus on the cohort study design. Students will develop a hypothesis (ideally related to their area of study) and identify cohort data to help them answer their hypothesis. Topics include developing a research question, ethical considerations, accessing cohort data, data collection (Redcap). Prerequisites: SPH 519 or equivalent which can be done concurrently in first term, or permission of the instructor.

This half-year course provides an applied approach to clinical epidemiology with a focus on analyzing cohort data. Students will use the cohort data to take develop a manuscript from idea (ideally related to their area of study) to submission. Topics include: cohort data analysis including power and sample size calculations, and presenting the results (abstracts, posters, manuscripts). Prerequisites: SPH 519 or equivalent and PAED 605 or permission of the instructor.

A course designed for students at year 2 of graduate studies and beyond. This will be an advanced immunology course centered on an understanding of inflammation and disease. The format of the course will be didactic teaching with 2-3 classes dedicated to seminar discussion of a selected research article. The discussion for this course will be focused on discovery science achievements linked to translational medicine. Restricted to graduate students in year 2 and beyond. Prerequisites of MMI 436/MED 536, Biochemistry 410/510, IMIN452/MMI552 or consent of the course co-ordinator. Open to eligible graduate student from other departments.

An overview course covering the principles of systematic reviews of therapeutic interventions relevant to outcomes in child health. Instruction will be provided on evidence-based methods, including the steps involved in conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis, searching the literature, critical appraisal and identification of threats to validity in a systematic review, and statistical analysis. Prerequisites: SPH 596 or equivalent and SPH 519 or equivalent, or permission of the instructor.

Students will learn the fundamental processes of how and what we know about the fossil record, with a special focus on dinosaurs. Topics include fossilization, fossil collection/curation, morphological analysis, organismal evolution, paleoecology, protection of fossils, speciation, stratigraphy, and taphonomy. Students learn how paleontological research determines the ages, behaviour, breeding, life cycles, physiology, sexes and other aspects of the biology of dinosaurs and other extinct animals. This course will be delivered entirely on-line. Prerequisites: Biology 30 or equivalent, or any 100-level course in the Faculty of Science. Note: Students who have obtained credit for PALEO 201 cannot take PALEO 200 for credit.

For students who want a deeper understanding of the fossil record, this course will augment the topics of PALEO 200 (fossilization, fossil collection/curation, morphological analysis, organismal evolution, paleoecology, protection of fossils, speciation, stratigraphy, and taphonomy) with field trips to regional museums and dig sites. Students will also learn how paleontological research determines the ages, behaviour, breeding, life cycles, physiology, sexes and other aspects of the biology of dinosaurs and other extinct animals. A portion of this course will be delivered on-line. Prerequisites: Biology 30 or equivalent, or any 100-level course in the Faculty of Science. Note: Students who have obtained credit for PALEO 200 cannot take PALEO 201 for credit.

This course encompasses the origin of vertebrates within chordates and explores the diversity of Palaeozoic lineages within a phylogenetic and evolutionary framework. It will examine the evolution of major vertebrate novelties including the origin of fins, jaws and tetrapod limbs, highlighting key Canadian fossil localities. This course will be delivered entirely online. Course materials and activities include video segments, course notes, and learning and evaluation activities. Prerequisites: PALEO 200 or PALEO 201 or BIOL 108.

This course explores the evolutionary changes that occur when air-breathing terrestrial animals return to water. It will examine the diversity, adaptations, convergence and phylogenetic relationships of three major groups of extinct marine reptiles-the ichythyosaurs, plesiosaurs, and mosasaurs-in addition to some lesser-known groups. Emphasis will be placed on the fossils and fossil localities of Western Canada. This course will be delivered entirely on-line. Course materials and activities include video segments, course notes, and learning and evaluation activities. Prerequisites: PALEO 200 or PALEO 201 or BIOL 108.

This course examines the anatomy, diversity, and evolution of theropod dinosaurs in relation to the origin of birds. Particular attention will be paid to the anatomical characters shared by theropods and birds that enabled birds to evolve powered flight. Various hypotheses for the origin of flight will be discussed. Recent discoveries of relevant fossils from Canada will be highlighted. This course will be delivered entirely online. Course materials and activities include video segments, course notes, and learning and evaluation activities. Prerequisites: PALEO 200 or PALEO 201 or BIOL 108.

Students will learn the techniques of collection, curation and analysis of fossils at major dinosaur sites in Western Canada. The field component of the course will take place during the summer at a field station off campus. Each student will complete assignments in the field and will prepare a written report for completion by the end of October based on data acquired and methods learned during the field component. Prerequisite: Consent of Department. Requires payment of additional student instructional support fees. Refer to the Tuition and Fees page in the University Regulations section of the Calendar. [Faculty of Science]

Covers specialized topics of current interest to advanced undergraduates in Biological Sciences and Earth and Atmospheric Sciences. Consult the Paleontology advisor for details about current offerings. Prerequisite: Consent of Instructor. Credit for this course may be obtained more than once. [Faculty of Science]

Covers specialized topics of current interest to advanced undergraduates in Biological Sciences and Earth and Atmospheric Sciences. Consult the Paleontology advisor for details about current offerings. Prerequisite: Consent of Instructor. Credit for this course may be obtained more than once. [Faculty of Science]

Covers specialized topics of current interest to advanced undergraduates in Biological Sciences and Earth and Atmospheric Sciences. Consult the Paleontology advisor for details about current offerings. Prerequisite: Consent of Instructor. Credit for this course may be obtained more than once. [Faculty of Science]

Morphology, paleoecology and evolution, with emphasis on both the theoretical aspects and practical techniques of paleontology. Concentration on invertebrate paleontology, but examples from vertebrate paleontology and paleobotany included. Prerequisite: EAS 230. [Faculty of Science]

Paleontology, evolution and paleoecology of early chordates, jawless and jawed vertebrates and all non-amniote and amniote tetrapods except synapsids, crocodylomorphs, dinosaurs, and birds, with emphasis on osteology, systematics, major adaptive shifts and subsequent radiations. Prerequisites: ZOOL 325 and any 300 level EAS or Biological Sciences course. Not available to students with credit in PALEO 318. [Faculty of Science]

Paleontology, evolution and paleoecology of Synapsida (e.g. therapsids and mammals) and archosaurs (e.g. crocodiles, dinosaurs, and birds) with emphasis on osteology, systematics, major adaptive shifts and subsequent radiations. Prerequisites: ZOOL 325 and any 300 level EAS or Biological Sciences course. Not available to students with credit in PALEO 319. [Faculty of Science]

Credit for this course may be obtained more than once. Classes concurrent with PALEO 412. [Faculty of Science]

Credit for this course may be obtained more than once. Classes concurrent with PALEO 412. [Faculty of Science]

Credit for this course may be obtained more than once. Classes concurrent with PALEO 412. [Faculty of Science]