An exploration of concepts and theories used to explain why poor health and health inequities occur within and across populations, including Indigenous and other racialized populations (etiology), and interventions public health practitioners use to change complex systems to address factors that contribute to these problems. Etiologic topics include conceptions of health and wellness; population health vs. clinical care; historical and global trends in population mortality, morbidity, and health inequities; causal and systems thinking, and the impact of biological, behavioural, sociocultural, political-economic, and environmental factors on population health and health inequities. Intervention topics include advocacy, community and systems capacity building, and implementation of policies, and programs that support key public health functions - health promotion and protection, the prevention and control of infectious and chronic diseases and injury, and emergency preparedness and response, governance, infrastructure, financing and organization. Intersectoral partnership, collaborative action, and political will are reviewed to support health in all policies to improve public health. SPH 562 is a required course for the degree of Master of Public Health in General Public Health. Prerequisites: SPH 530. Corequisites: SPH 535, SPH 536, SPH 541, or consent of instructor.

An overview of evaluative thinking and practice in the assessment, planning, implementation and monitoring of public health interventions. Different types of evaluation are considered, including: needs assessment, process evaluation, monitoring of outputs and outcomes, impact assessment, and cost analysis. Evaluation approaches, steps, strategies, and rigour are explored. Consideration is given to how Indigenous and other minoritized populations' ways of knowing can be incorporated into the design and conduct of evaluation. The course addresses evaluation practice competencies that align with the Canadian Evaluation Society's competency framework. SPH 563 is a required course for the degree of Master of Public Health in General Public Health. Prerequisites: SPH 530, SPH 562 ,SPH 535, SPH 536, and SPH 541A, or consent of instructor. Corequisites: SPH 537, SPH 541B, and SPH 546, or consent of instructor.

An overview of evaluative thinking and practice in the assessment, planning, implementation and monitoring of public health interventions. Different types of evaluation are considered, including: needs assessment, process evaluation, monitoring of outputs and outcomes, impact assessment, and cost analysis. Evaluation approaches, steps, strategies, and rigour are explored. Consideration is given to how Indigenous and other minoritized populations' ways of knowing can be incorporated into the design and conduct of evaluation. The course addresses evaluation practice competencies that align with the Canadian Evaluation Society's competency framework. SPH 563 is a required course for the degree of Master of Public Health in General Public Health. Prerequisites: SPH 530, SPH 562 ,SPH 535, SPH 536, and SPH 541A, or consent of instructor. Corequisites: SPH 537, SPH 541B, and SPH 546, or consent of instructor.

An overview of evaluative thinking and practice in the assessment, planning, implementation and monitoring of public health interventions. Different types of evaluation are considered, including: needs assessment, process evaluation, monitoring of outputs and outcomes, impact assessment, and cost analysis. Evaluation approaches, steps, strategies, and rigour are explored. Consideration is given to how Indigenous and other minoritized populations' ways of knowing can be incorporated into the design and conduct of evaluation. The course addresses evaluation practice competencies that align with the Canadian Evaluation Society's competency framework. SPH 563 is a required course for the degree of Master of Public Health in General Public Health. Prerequisites: SPH 530, SPH 562 ,SPH 535, SPH 536, and SPH 541A, or consent of instructor. Corequisites: SPH 537, SPH 541B, and SPH 546, or consent of instructor.

Content varies from year to year. Topics are announced prior to registration period. The student's transcript will carry a title descriptive of the content. May be repeated.

A required course for the Graduate Embedded Certificate in Health Economic Evaluation, this 3-credit course provides an introduction to health economic theory and its application to health-related topics. The areas covered include: (1) demand, supply, and utilization; (2) health production and cost of services; (3) societal resource allocation and policy decisions; (4) health insurance systems and selected facets of health planning; (5) determinants of health and equity; (6) health economic evaluation. No prior economics courses or experience required. Note: Credit may not be obtained for both PHS 570 and SPH 570.

The purpose of this course is to prepare students to become effective managers and leaders in the health service organizations and health care systems. It facilitates this objective by providing a foundation for the acquisition of the knowledge of the managerial process through an analysis and understanding of the psychological, sociological and political basis of complex social systems, as well as providing a basis for acquiring conceptual and practical skills in the effective management and design of health service organizations and health care networks. Note: Credit may not be obtained for both PHS 580 and SPH 580.

This course is intended to provide students with an exploration of what leaders actually do, and with an understanding of the skill-sets necessary for driving transformational change in an organization on a continuing basis. It is very clear that successful leaders must be able to effectively lead change, particularly in today's fast-paced health environment. As part of this course, you will find yourself quickly developing an understanding of the process of change, the reasons why there is such a range in the quality of change leadership, and your own personal approach to becoming a successful change leader. Note: Credit may not be obtained for both PHS 581 and SPH 581.

Develops a basic understanding of human resource trends and issues in public health organizations. Examines topics such as strategic health human resources; organizational effectiveness; healthy work environments; workplace culture; legal and policy frameworks; human resources planning and recruitment; selection, orientation, training, mentoring and career development; performance management and discipline; compensation and benefits; labour relations and collective bargaining; regulated health professionals; and other health human resources policy issues and challenges. Prerequisite: SPH 580 or consent of Instructor. Note: Credit may not be obtained for both PHS 582 and SPH 582.

This course examines the theoretical basis of the whole systems approach to organizational change and the advantages of this approach compared to traditional approaches. It overviews the range of whole systems methodologies available for organizational change initiatives. The course leads to an in-depth knowledge of a number of the whole systems methodologies that will prepare practitioners to make informed decisions regarding their appropriateness for application in specific organizations or organizational situations. It leads finally to an in-depth, hands-on working knowledge (and experience level) with one of the most utilized whole systems methodologies in today's organization development world, i.e., Appreciative Inquiry. Prerequisite: SPH 580 or SPH 581 or consent of Instructor. Note: Credit may not be obtained for both PHS 583 and SPH 583.

An introductory course that highlights injuries as a major and neglected public health problem. Leading causes of injuries, including motor vehicle, falls, fires, violence, drowning, occupational, and recreational will be addressed in informal lectures and class discussions. The biomechanics of injury and the structure of emergency medical systems will also be covered. Prevention strategies and evaluation of various interventions will be introduced. Prerequisite: consent of Instructor. Note: Credit may not be obtained for both PHS 593 and SPH 593.

An introduction to the theory of epidemiology with an emphasis on study design. Topics include the nature of epidemiologic reasoning, indices used to describe and measure health status, interpretation of studies, causation, descriptive studies, analytic studies, intervention studies, and ethics. Note: Credit may not be obtained for both PHS/SPH 596 and SPH 597.

The aim of this course is to promote an understanding of epidemiological methods and study designs and their application to improving human health, and is designed for students not specializing in epidemiology or biostatistics. Topics include measures of disease frequency, study design, bias, confounding, and assessing causation. A focus will be on critical review of epidemiologic studies through case studies. Students cannot receive credit for both PHS 596 and SPH 597. Prerequisite: Introductory statistics course or consent of Instructor. May contain alternate delivery sections; refer to the Tuition and Fees page in the University Regulations section of the Calendar.

This course incorporates an applied practice experience (APE) and an integrative learning experience (ILE). Students complete a field practicum that entails hands-on experience in a work setting relevant to public health. Students integrate and synthesize their cumulative knowledge of public health through application to and critical assessment of a specific problem in a specific setting. They contribute to community or organizational capacity to address current priorities, while gaining confidence and skills as public health professionals. SPH 598 is a required course for the degree of Master of Public Health in General Public Health. Normally completed in the final term of the degree except in approved circumstances. Prerequisites: SPH 530, SPH 535, SPH 536, SPH 537, SPH 541, SPH 546, SPH 547, SPH 562, SPH 563, or consent of instructor.

This course incorporates an applied practice experience (APE) and an integrative learning experience (ILE). Students complete a field practicum that entails hands-on experience in a work setting relevant to public health. Students integrate and synthesize their cumulative knowledge of public health through application to and critical assessment of a specific problem in a specific setting. They contribute to community or organizational capacity to address current priorities, while gaining confidence and skills as public health professionals. SPH 598 is a required course for the degree of Master of Public Health in General Public Health. Normally completed in the final term of the degree except in approved circumstances. Prerequisites: SPH 530, SPH 535, SPH 536, SPH 537, SPH 541, SPH 546, SPH 547, SPH 562, SPH 563, or consent of instructor.

This course incorporates an applied practice experience (APE) and an integrative learning experience (ILE). Students complete a field practicum that entails hands-on experience in a work setting relevant to public health. Students integrate and synthesize their cumulative knowledge of public health through application to and critical assessment of a specific problem in a specific setting. They contribute to community or organizational capacity to address current priorities, while gaining confidence and skills as public health professionals. SPH 598 is a required course for the degree of Master of Public Health in General Public Health. Normally completed in the final term of the degree except in approved circumstances. Prerequisites: SPH 530, SPH 535, SPH 536, SPH 537, SPH 541, SPH 546, SPH 547, SPH 562, SPH 563, or consent of instructor.

MPH students will complete a project where they demonstrate their ability to integrate and synthesize public health concepts, principles and theories and apply their critical thinking skills in a project of relevance to the field of public health. Typically completed in the final term of the MPH program. Prerequisites: SPH 598 Field Practicum.

MPH students will complete a project where they demonstrate their ability to integrate and synthesize public health concepts, principles and theories and apply their critical thinking skills in a project of relevance to the field of public health. Typically completed in the final term of the MPH program. Prerequisites: SPH 598 Field Practicum.

MPH students will complete a project where they demonstrate their ability to integrate and synthesize public health concepts, principles and theories and apply their critical thinking skills in a project of relevance to the field of public health. Typically completed in the final term of the MPH program. Prerequisites: SPH 598 Field Practicum.

An overview of the principles and methods underlying the analysis of health policy. Application of health policy principles to selected issues and problems in Canadian health policy and systems. Prerequisite: consent of Instructor. Note: Credit may not be obtained for both PHS 600 and SPH 600.

The course will provide a comparative analysis of models and practices across six countries that have universal health systems with some reference to selected other countries where innovative models exist. The first half of the course will focus on the foundations of health systems (Organization, Governance and Financing; Economics, Public/Private Models and System Performance; Human Resource Management and Demand/Utilization Management) to provide a grounding to understand the differentiating features of the six health systems. The second half will explore three themes of contemporary interest to the Canadian health system. These thematic areas will be primary health care, pharmaceutical policy and public health strategies.

This interdisciplinary seminar is designed to prepare PhD students with the comprehensive knowledge and skills necessary for effective engagement with communities and the health system in both research and practice. The course will explore the concepts of engaged scholarship, emphasizing how these can be applied within students' specific fields to foster relevant and high-quality research. The seminar also includes comprehensive training in public health communication strategies, such as writing grant proposals and manuscripts, as well as preparing and delivering presentations to both scientific and lay audiences. All PhD students are required to complete this course. Prerequisite: SPH 604 or consent of the instructor.

An interdisciplinary seminar designed to explore communication in public health including: written and oral communication of research to scientific and lay audiences, grant proposal and manuscript writing, poster and oral presentations. All PhD students are required to complete this course. Note: Credit may not be obtained for both PHS 603 and SPH 603.

In depth exploration of current topics in public health research including: epidemiology, health service delivery, health policy, sociobehavioural approaches, occupational and environmental health. All PhD students are required to complete this course. Note: Credit may not be obtained for both PHS 604 and SPH 604.

The course will introduce students interested in careers in health administration and policy development to relevant issues in health law and risk management in the context of the Canadian legal and public health care systems. It will start with a discussion of the Constitutional foundation of health law in Canada with an analysis of Canada's Federal political structure, Federal and Provincial jurisdictions in health care, and the influence of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms and the Canada Health Act. It will introduce students to administrative structures and related law. The second part of the course will offer a practical exploration of issues that may confront health managers and policy makers, including medical negligence; informed consent; employment and labour law; contract law (e.g., procurement contracts); public health information; privacy and confidentiality; and regulation of health professions. Students will present papers on special topics in public health law such as infectious disease management, HIV/AIDS, vaccines, tobacco control, food-borne illnesses, intersections with criminal justice, Indigenous peoples and public health, and genetics and public health. Note: Credit may not be obtained for both PHS 606 and SPH 605.

An introductory seminar intended to provide students with the knowledge and critical thinking skills necessary to conduct research that is relevant and credible to intended users. The course includes a theoretical overview of engaged scholarship, knowledge translation and related concepts, and practical examples of how these concepts and principles could be applied to a diversity of research topics and methods. This course is the first of two required seminars in Engaged Scholarship for Health for PhD students in the School of Public Health. Note: Credit may not be obtained for both PHS 607 and SPH 607. Students cannot receive credit for both SPH 602 and 607.

A critical, interdisciplinary review of psychosocial health. Theoretical and methodological implications from a variety of disciplinary perspectives are considered. Prerequisite: SPH 501 or consent of Instructor. Note: Credit may not be obtained for both HPS 608 and SPH 608. May contain alternate delivery sections; refer to the Tuition and Fees page in the University Regulations section of the Calendar.

This course will apply engaged scholarship concepts and principles to the development of the student's specific thesis research. This course is the second of two required seminars in Engaged Scholarship for Health for PhD students in the School of Public Health. Prerequisites: SPH 607, selection of thesis topic and methodology. Note: Credit may not be obtained for both PHS 608 and SPH 610. Students cannot receive credit for both SPH 602 and 610.

Theoretical approaches and practical issues regarding the provision of health care in Canada with a focus on Indigenous, refugee and immigrant families. Human ecological models, health promotion, and ethical issues will be examined within a framework of cultural diversity. Pre and corequisite: SPH 501 or consent of instructor. Note: Credit may not be obtained for both HECOL 618 and SPH 618. Note: Credit may not be obtained for both HPS 618 and SPH 618. May contain alternate delivery sections; refer to the Tuition and Fees page in the University Regulations section of the Calendar.

Advanced biostatistical methods used to analyze epidemiologic data with an emphasis on multivariable regression. Topics include multiple regression, unconditional and conditional logistic regression and proportional hazards regression. Prerequisite: SPH 519 or consent of Instructor. Note: Credit may not be obtained for both PHS 698 and SPH 619.

A critical examination of intervention strategies, implementation, and research evidence in health promotion practice. Note: Credit may not be obtained for both HPS 602 and SPH 622. May contain alternate delivery sections; refer to the Tuition and Fees page in the University Regulations section of the Calendar.

Theoretical understanding of qualitative and community-based research designs, including phenomenology, grounded theory, ethnography, biography and case study. Methods of data collection such as interviews, focus groups and participant observation. Strategies for data analysis and dissemination. Pre or corequisite: SPH 503 or consent of instructor. Note: Credit may not be obtained for both HPS 603 and SPH 623. Credit may not be obtained for both HECOL 603 and SPH 623. May contain alternate delivery sections; refer to the Tuition and Fees page in the University Regulations section of the Calendar.

Deals with the application of program evaluation for the health and social sciences fields. Emphasis is on the theory of program evaluation using various models, research design, and the application of these concepts by performing a program evaluation. Discussions will be centered around the ethics, reliability, validity, process, outcomes, and implications of various program evaluation models. Current and relevant publications in public health sciences complete this course. Prerequisite: SPH 630 or consent of Instructor. Note: Credit may not be obtained for both PHS 631 and SPH 631.

Advanced principles, concepts, processes and strategies for the communication of risks to human health posed by potentially hazardous agents or situations. Topics include communication and risk communication theory, the risk communication process, and the role of risk communication as part of an integrated risk management strategy, as well as an in depth examination of empirical research methods and specific risk communication issues. Note: Credit may not be obtained for both HPS 616 and SPH 633.

The aim of this course is to enable students to increase their understanding of historical and current determinants of global health and of the interventions to reduce global health inequities. Note: Credit may not be obtained for both PHS 640 and SPH 640.

This introductory course to global health project development familiarizes students with the logical frame planning approach. This planning method is a must by many international development agencies, e.g. the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA), the World Bank and many others. Through various stages of problem analysis, objective analysis and the development of the logical frame with planning indictors and assumptions, course participants learn how to apply this method in the context of a developing country. Prerequisite: Permission of the Instructor. Note: Credit may not be obtained for both PHS 641 and SPH 641.

A required course for the Graduate Embedded Certificate in Health Economic Evaluation, this 3-credit course provides an introduction to health economic evaluation. Methodological areas covered include: (1) types of economic evaluation (including cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analysis); (2) defining the target population; (3) comparators; (4) the perspective of the evaluation; (5) time preference and discounting; (6) measuring and valuing health; (7) resource use and costs; (8) uncertainty and probabilistic analysis; (9) equity considerations; and (10) analysis and reporting of economic evaluations. Students will be introduced to Indigenous perspectives on measuring and valuing health, and those of other equity-seeking groups, and will consider the implications for health economic evaluations. By the end of the course, students will be familiar with current best practices for conducting health economic evaluations in Canada. Students will also learn how to construct basic decision analytic models, providing practical experience in applying these methods. No prior economics courses or experience required. Note: Credit may not be obtained for both PHS 671 and SPH 671.

A required course for the Graduate Embedded Certificate in Health Economic Evaluation, this 3-credit course will build upon SPH 671 to provide students with a more advanced understanding of health economic evaluation. Methodological areas covered include: (1) advanced methods for probabilistic analysis; (2) value of information analysis; (3) perspectives on social choice; (4) advanced discounting considerations; (5) controversies in measuring and valuing health; (6) distributional cost-effectiveness analysis; (7) measuring opportunity cost; and (8) advanced modelling methods. Further consideration will be given to incorporating equity-seeking groups' perspectives on measuring and valuing health into health economic evaluations. Students will also learn how to construct complex decision analytic models, providing an opportunity to apply the more advanced methods covered in this course. By the end of the course, students will be familiar with current practices for conducting health economic evaluations in numerous jurisdictions and contexts, including developed and developing countries, and in both public health and health care. Pre- or Co-requisite: SPH 671.

An overview of the nature, science and practicalities of health technology assessment (HTA), which can then be used as the basis for further work and research. Issues covered will include health care technologies and their management, methods used for assessment, sources of information and application of HTA findings to policy and administrative decisions. Emphasis placed on assessments that have been undertaken by national and regional agencies in Canada and other countries to provide information to governments, health care providers and others. Diagnostic, screening, rehabilitation and information technologies will be considered. Note: Credit may not be obtained for both PHS 673 and SPH 673.

Health care marketing and planning involves the analysis, evaluation, implementation and control of carefully formulated programs designed to bring about voluntary exchanges with a target audience for the purpose of achieving organizational objectives. The purpose of this course is to provide the students with a general understanding of the contribution of marketing and strategic planning to the effective management of health care institutions and public health programs. The course facilitates this objective by providing a foundation for the acquisition of marketing concepts, terms, and skills relevant for understanding the role that marketing and planning play in health care institutions and health systems, the design of health care programs, and as a vehicle for social change. Note: Credit may not be obtained for both PHS 680 and SPH 680.

This course is designed to provide self and 360 degree assessment of individual characteristics that influence leadership styles, strategies and outcomes, e.g., emotional intelligence, personality types, learning styles, etc. When the assessments are complete the students will then develop their own leadership strategy that takes into account the findings from the assessments, i.e., develop their own customized leadership strategy that capitalizes on strengths, eliminates or at least minimizes weaknesses, uncovers potential blind spots when serving as a leader, and that considers fit between person and position. Prerequisite: SPH 582 or consent of Instructor. Note: Credit may not be obtained for both PHS 682 and SPH 682.

The primary objective is to provide students with the background knowledge and methodological skills to be discriminating and informed users of health-related quality of life measures and interpreters of HRQL evidence. Topics include uses of HRQL measures, various systems for classifying HRQL measures, methodologies for the assessment of reliability, validity, responsiveness, and interpretability, and conceptualization of major approaches for the development of HRQL measures (including psychometric, clinical, and economics and decision analytic approaches). Examples of different types of measures and their application in a wide variety of clinical areas are included. Note: Credit may not be obtained for both PHS 685 and SPH 685.

Methods for efficiently and critically identifying, appraising, and applying the health sciences literature are learned in an interactive group setting. Topics include studies of prognosis, diagnosis, therapy, causation outcomes research, economic analysis, and systematic reviews. Prerequisite: SPH 596 or 597 or consent of Instructor. Note: Credit may not be obtained for both PHS 693 and SPH 693.

An advanced course focusing on the review of current epidemiologic knowledge of injuries relating to the leading causes of injury, morbidity, and mortality. Strategies for data acquisition and use in injury research will be introduced. Tools will be presented that will allow students to develop the practical skills needed to design, implement, and evaluate injury prevention programs. Prerequisite: SPH 593. Note: Credit may not be obtained for both PHS 695 and SPH 695.

Epidemiologic methods related to specific study designs and general issues relating to the conduct of epidemiologic studies at an advanced level. Topics covered include confounding, interaction, misclassification, matching, ecologic studies, justification of the odds ratio in case-control studies, and age-period-cohort analysis. Prerequisite: SPH 519 and 596 or consent of Instructor. Note: Credit may not be obtained for both PHS 696 and SPH 696.

This course provides a broad introduction to the knowledge needed to investigate and control infectious diseases. It covers the description, causes and modeling of epidemic and endemic infections, as well as intervention and prevention strategies. Selected infectious diseases are used as case studies. These provide understanding of the natural history, evolution, investigation, methods of control, and the costs and benefits of interventions in a legal and ethical policy context. Prerequisites: SPH 596, or equivalent, or permission of Instructor.

Administrative health data have been used widely for decision making and research in Canada and the world. Analysis of these data required knowledge of data features and unique analytical skills since data are not collected for research purposes. This course will help hone students data management and analytical skills to answer research questions using health systems data. Note: Credit may not be obtained for both PHS 699 and SPH 699.

Advanced biostatistical methods for the design and analysis with a special emphasis on applications for health sciences research. Topics include multinomial and ordinal logistic regression, Poisson and negative binomial regression, longitudinal and correlated data analysis methods (including generalized estimating equations and random-effects models), advanced survival analysis, principal component and factor analyses, and propensity score analysis. Prerequisites: SPH 619 or permission of the Instructor. Note: Credit may not be obtained for both PHS 798 and SPH 719.

This is an advanced epidemiology methods course with emphasis on causal inference. Topics covered include causal inference in observational studies, causal diagrams, effect modification, interaction, selection and measurement bias in causal modelling, propensity score analysis, inverse probability weighting and marginal structural models, standardization and the parametric g-formula, instrumental variable estimation, and mediation analysis. The overall goal of this course is to provide an understanding of concepts and practical applications of causal inference and prepare graduates to understand and apply these concepts in epidemiological research. Prerequisites: SPH 619 and 696 or consent of Instructor. Note: Credit may not be obtained for both PHS 766 and SPH 766.

Explores how the elements of story employed by the Gospel writers and editors shaped their understanding of the person of Jesus and his followers. Note: Not open to students with credit in CHRTP 305.

Explores how the Sacred is experienced and expressed through the visual arts, music and dance. Note: Not open to students with credit in CHRTP 311.

A public theology overview of contemporary issues in faith and society. This course underscores the relevance of faith and spirituality to the changing texture of society. Note: Not open to students with credit in CHRTP 312.

Women's relationship to and place in Christianity is explored. Women's attempts to critique and transform received tradition and/or to develop alternative forms of religious life are examined. Note: Not open to students with credit in CHRTP 314.

Considering theological themes in movies, poetry, fiction, and graphic novels that echo lived experiences. Note: Not open to students with credit in CHRTP 315.

Deepen awareness of personal, social, cultural, and spiritual dimensions of sexuality. Explored in light of feminist, queer, traditional and contemporary theological thought. Note: Not open to students with credit in CHRTP 316.

Explores contemplative/meditative practices that foster calm, concentration, and insight for teachers and other helping professionals. Note: Not open to students with credit in CHRTP 330.

Discussion of topics relevant to theology, spirituality, spiritual care, and/or ministry studies. May be repeated for credit when course content differs. .

Directed reading or research in a chosen area of theology, spirituality, spiritual care, and/or ministry studies. May be repeated for credit when course content differs.

Explores spirituality as a personal and social response to the human quest for integration and transcendence. Multi-faith and secular perspectives are examined.

Explores ways to cultivate inner resources needed for the embodiment of non-violence. Considers peacemaking through the lenses of spirituality and ethical responsibility.

Discussion of topics relevant to theology, spirituality, spiritual care, and/or ministry studies. May be repeated for credit when course content differs.

Directed reading or research in a chosen area of theology, spirituality, spiritual care, and/or ministry studies. May be repeated for credit when course content differs.

Explores spirituality as a personal and social response to the human quest for integration and transcendence. Multi-faith and secular perspectives are examined.